herbaceous except for a narrow hyaline margin, rather loose, of 2 or 3 different 

 lengths but scarcely graduate; ligules pale-purple or whitish, 6-10 mm. long; 

 achenes appressed-pubescent. A. hydrophilus W. & S. 



In alkaline soil about springs and streams, in seepage along streams and about 

 lakes and ponds in N.M. (Bernalillo, Sandoval, San Juan, Sierra, Taos and 

 Valencia cos.) and Ariz. (Cochise and Pima cos.), May-Sept.; Sask. to N.M., 

 Ariz, and Mex. 



11. Aster tephrodes (Gray) Blake. 



Erect biennial: stems simple below, often paniculately branched above, 2-8 

 dm. tall, stipitate-glandular and cinereous-puberulent or cinereous-pilosulous 

 with mostly incurved hairs; larger leaves oblanceolate or lanceolate, 3-10 cm. 

 long, 4—13 mm. wide, acute, the lower leaves tapering to a petiolelike base, others 

 sessile and often slightly clasping, shallowly toothed with spinescent-mucronate 

 teeth, pubescent chiefly along margin and often stipitate-glandular, more or less 

 distinctly triplinerved, the upper leaves gradually reduced to small entire bracts; 

 heads solitary at tips of cymosely or paniculately arranged branches, 2.5-4 cm. 

 wide; involucre hemispheric, 8-10 mm. high; phyllaries 6- or 7-seriate, graduated, 

 narrowly linear-lanceolate, with whitish chartaceous base, the tip herbaceous, 

 subulate-attenuate, mucronate, spreading or reflexed, cinereous-pilosulous; rays 

 23 to 40, violet or purple, 1-1.2 cm. long; achenes striate, finely pubescent; 

 pappus stiffish, scarcely graduate. 



River bottomlands, alluvial soils and seepage areas in N.M. {Blake) and Ariz. 

 (Apache, Navajo and Coconino, s. to Graham, Cochise, Pima and Yuma cos.), 

 Mar.-Oct.; also Nev. and Calif. 



12. Aster novae-angliae L. 



Perennial from a stout caudex or short thickened rhizome, with numerous 

 fibrous roots, occasionally with creeping rhizomes as well; stems clustered, 3-20 

 dm. tall, commonly conspicuously spreading-hirsute at least above and becoming 

 glandular upwards as well; leaves lanceolate, entire, mostly 3-12 cm. long and 

 6-20 mm. wide, sessile and conspicuously auriculate-clasping, scabrous or stiffly 

 appressed-hairy above, more softly hairy beneath or the upper becoming glandular, 

 the lower similar to those above but soon deciduous; heads several or numerous 

 in a leafy usually short inflorescence, the involucre and peduncles densely glan- 

 dular but scarcely or not at all otherwise hairy; involucre 6-10 mm. high, its 

 numerous slender phyllaries about equal, often purplish, with chartaceous base 

 and loose or spreading attenuate tip, the outer ones sometimes a little broader, 

 more foliaceous and less attenuate than the others; rays commonly 45 to 100, 

 bright reddish-purple or rosy, rarely blue or white, mostly 1-2 cm. long; achenes 

 densely sericeous or appressed-hirsute, their nerves obscure. 



Moist, wet, open or wooded places, wet meadows, prairie swales, wet thickets 

 and along streams, in Okla. (Cherokee Co.), June-Oct.; N.E., s. to Ala., w. to 

 Okla., (?) N.M. and Wyo. 



13. Aster ontarionis Wieg. 



Somewhat resembling A. lateriflorus but more colonial and spreading by more 

 elongate rhizomes and numerous stolons; stems coarser, usually 5-20 dm. tall, 

 with abundant spreading to subascending usually forked branches and racemose- 

 paniculate to diff'use inflorescences; leaves closely pilose beneath and sometimes 

 above; flowering branchlets or pedicels elongate, somewhat to not at all secund; 

 involucres 3-4.5 mm. high; phyllaries narrowly linear to linear-oblanceolate, acute, 

 usually puberulent on back, the green midrib slender; rays 15 to 26, white, 5-7 mm. 

 long and to 1 mm. wide; disk corollas cream-color to purplish, 3-4 mm. long, their 



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