Caudate. Having a long, soft, terminal, tail-like appendage. 



Caudex. The trunk or stem of a plant; a term applied particularly to the persist- 

 ent stem of an herbaceous perennial. 



Caudicle. Sterile stalk of the pollen mass of certain orchids (fig. 363). 



Caulescent. Having an evident stem above the ground level (fig. 789). 



Cauline. Pertaining to the stem (fig. 363). 



Cell. A cavity of an anther containing the pollen, or of an ovary containing the 

 ovules. Cellulous, cellular, cellulose: made up of cells or marked off so as to 

 resemble cells. 



Cespitose, caespitose. In little tufts or dense clumps; said of low plants of turfy 

 habit. 



Chaff. Thin, dry scales or bracts. Chaffy: paleaceous. 



Channeled. Deeply grooved longitudinally, like a gutter. 



Chartaceous. Thin but stiff; having the texture of thin paper. 



Choripetalous. Term applies to a corolla having its petals distinct from one an- 

 other. 



Ciliate. Having marginal hairs that form a fringe (fig. 786). 



Cilium (pi. cilia). Used generally in the plural to denote marginal hairs. 



Cinereous. Ash gray. 



Circinate. Coiled downward and inward, like the scroll of a fiddle (fig. 650). See 

 Scorpioid. 



Circunipolar. Occurring around the pole, as of arctic plants mostly confined to 

 far northern latitudes. 



Circumscissile . Dehiscent by a horizontal line cutting through the middle, the top 

 part falling away as a lid (fig. 789). 



Cirrhose. Tendrilled; with a wavy hair-point. 



Cladode. A branch of a single internode simulating a leaf; a cladophyll. Clado- 

 phyll: a branch assuming the form and function of a leaf; a cladode. 



Clavate. Club-shaped; gradually thickened upward (fig. 35). 



Claw. The narrowed, petiole-like base of some petals or sepals. 



Cleft. Cut about halfway to the midvein (fig. 787). 



Cleistogamous. Said of self-fertilized flowers that never open. 



Clinandrium. The anther bed in orchids, that part of the column in which the an- 

 ther is concealed. 



Coalescence. Union of similar parts or organs, as of petals to form a corolla. 



Coccus (pi. cocci). A berry; in particular one of the parts of a lobed fruit with 

 one-seeded cells; part of a schizocarp or lobed fruit. 



Cochleate. Coiled like a snail shell. Cochleiform: shaped liked a snail shell. 



Coetaneous. Of the same age; existing at the same time. 



Coherent. Having like parts united; said of two or more organs of the same kind 

 which are united in the same whorl by ontogenetic fusion. 



Cohesion. The state of cohering. 



Collar. Outer side of the grass leaf at the junction of sheath and blade. 



Column. Structure formed by the union of filaments of stamens, or by the union 

 of stamens and pistils; term also applied to the receptacle structure around 

 which the carpels are situated in Malvaceae and related groups (fig. 519). 



Coma. The tuft of hairs which is to be found at the end of some seeds (fig. 

 564). 



Commissure. The line of meeting of the margins of carpels; the plane or face 

 along which two carpels adhere. 



Comose. Said of organs, such as seeds, which have a tuft of hairs at one end. 



Compound. Formed of several parts united in one common whole, as is a com- 

 pound pistil; or of leaves composed of two or more distinct leaflets (fig. 787). 



1710 



