causes great damage in a dry season, when germination 

 and growth are slow. The fungus effects an entrance at 

 the cut ends of the cutting, as a rule, but it can enter at 

 any wounded surface. The fungus pervades the tissues 

 of the stem ; the interior of diseased stems, on examination, 

 is found to contain a black mass of hyphae and spores, and 

 has an odour of pineapple. The growth of the cutting 

 is checked and the plant dies. 



Soaking the cuttings in dilute Bordeaux mixture and 

 tarring the cut ends have proved effective measures in the 

 West Indies. 



Diagnosis. — Sterile hyphae almost hyaline ; fertile 

 hyphae simple and septate ; conidia of two kinds, the 

 macro-conidia ovate and blackish, the micro-conidia 

 hyaline and cylindrical, originating within the ruptured 

 apex of a hypha. Macro-conidia 16-19 by 10-12 microns. 

 Micro-conidia 10-15 by 3*5-5 microns. 



Lewton-Brain : West hid. Bull., Vol. VI. 



Went : Archief voor de Java Suiker Industrie, 1893. 



Stem-bleeding disease of coconut — is a serious disease 

 occurring in Ceylon. The principal symptom is the 

 exudation of a dark-coloured sap from cracks in the bark. 

 This sap is viscid and forms a thick, dark patch which 

 soon turns black. The effect of the disease varies with the 

 age of the tree ; in trees under ten years old the external 

 patch is small and gives no indication of the extent of 

 internal decay ; in older trees up to the age of forty years, 

 the trunk is frequently hollowed out ; on trees over forty 

 years old the trunk is not materially injured. 



The fungus which causes the disease has been shown to 

 be Thielaviopsis ethaceticus. 



The treatment recommended in Ceylon is to completely 

 cut out the diseased part and to cover the wounded surface 

 with tar. 



PETCH : Royal Botanic Gardens, Ceylon, Circular, No. 22, 

 1910. 



A pineapple disease caused by the same fungus has been 

 reported to occur in Hawaii. 



TUBERCULARIE^E. 



FUSARIUM LIMONIS, Briosi. 

 (Foot Rot of Orange.) 



The disease is of common occurrence both in Florida 

 and in Europe ; it has been recently found in Jamaica and 



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