THE CARNATION LEAF-SPOT 121 



other fungi ; and the teleuto-spores, which are the rest- 

 ing or winter spores. There is little difference, to the 

 naked eye, except that the teleuto-spores are slightly 

 darker in color. The uredospores are the ones by which 

 the disease is rapidly propagated and spread. They may 

 be blown or washed from plant to plant, spreading infec- 

 tion rapidly. Carnations of all ages are liable to injury, 

 which is often so serious as to ruin large plantings. 



Treatment. — The experience of a number of flor- 

 ists has shown that this rust can be prevented by the 

 use of the dilute Bordeaux mixture, supplemented by 

 careful hygienic methods. The application should be 

 made upon the first appearance of the disease, or even 

 before, if there is much danger of its presence, and 

 repeated at occasional intervals. Instead of the liquid 

 mixture, which it may not be desirable to use on plants 

 in blossom, a dry preparation is used by some growers. 

 It is made, as follows : ^^Six pounds sulphate of copper 

 dissolved in three or four gallons of boiling water, stir- 

 ring till thoroughly dissolved; with this liquid and just 

 enough added water, dry slake one bushel of lime (dif- 

 ferent limes require. a slightly varying quantity of liquid 

 to slake them.) Thoroughly dampen a tight wooden 

 box, and put in a layer of the lime and sprinkle with 

 the copper solution till it falls into a fine dust. Put in 

 another layer and sprinkle, and continue till the bushel 

 of lime is reduced to a dry powder." This powder is to 

 be dusted over the foliage. Sulphide of potassium — one 

 ounce to ten gallons of water — has also been successfully 

 used. 



The Carnation Leaf=spot 



Septoria dianthi 



This is a widely distributed and troublesome dis- 

 ease. It appears on the leaves and stems in the shape 

 of a more or less circular purplish spot with a whitish 



