30 FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 



to the naked eye, scattered over the upper surface, but more clustered 

 towards the centre of the spots, with the circumference almost bare. 



The sporules are elliptical and colourless, without any division, but 

 usually with two or three small guttules (about 8 x 3 /u). At one time it 

 was the custom to call these small sporules by the name of " spermatia," 

 which led to the inference that they were fertilising, and not direct repro- 

 ductive bodies. This name and supposed function were abandoned with 

 the discovery that they were capable of germination under favourable 

 circumstances. 



The present species has also been found in Belgium, where it was first 

 discovered by Westendorp. 



If troublesome, spray with one of the copper solutions ; otherwise 

 picking the diseased leaves may be sufficient to prevent recurrence. 



Sacc. Syll iii. 237 ; Journ. B.II.S. 1902, PI. I., f. 1. 



Phijllosticta tcuerrima is a Canadian species on leaves of Saponaria. 



Carnation Leap-spot. 

 Ascochyta Dianthi (Alb. and Schw.), PI. II. fig. 28. 



The leaves of Pinks, Carnations, &c. are liable to be infested with 

 another small parasite, which causes spots on the living leaves. The pale 

 spots are somewhat rounded or elongated, without distinct margin, and 

 are dotted with the minute receptacles, which are accumulated in patches, 

 at first covered by the cuticle. 



The sporules are elongated, rather broader at one end than the other, 

 but sometimes nearly equal, divided by a transverse septum in the centre 

 into two cells ; each extremity is furnished with an obtuse nipple or 

 apiculus (14-1G x 3^ /<). 



In this and similar cases, where the sporule or spore is divided into two 

 or more cells, it may be taken for granted that each cell is capable of 

 germination, and for all practical purposes acting as if each cell were an 

 individual sporule. 



The little receptacles in which the sporules are produced are like little 

 flattened round flasks, with a short neck, pierced at the apex, through 

 which the matured sporules may escape. The base of these receptacles 

 is attached to the delicate mycelium, upon which they are seated, and 

 which pervades the spots. 



This species is also found in Germany and the Netherlands. 



Sacc. Syll. iii. 2203 ; Journ. B.H.S. 1902, p. 019, PL I., f. 2 ; Cooke 

 Edbk. No. 1357. 



Lychnis Bkown Spot. 



m 



Sr/ilmiit I.i/cluiiilis (Desin.), PL II. fig. 29. 



This parasite occurs on irregular red-brown, or pallid-rufous spots, on 

 the leaves of Lychnis dioica and other species. The spots have no 

 definite margin, and arc sprinkled with the scattered receptacles, which 

 are as minute as usual, and but just visible to the naked eye. 



The sporules are long and threadlike, often curved or flexuous, and 

 divided by from five to seven transverse septa, (50 70 x 2', 8/ti). 



