FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 225 



Eecorded for Germany and Britain. The teleutospore condition is 

 known as Melampsora Goeppertiana. 



Sacc. Syll. vii. 2937 ; Plotor. Brit. Ured. p. 271 ; Cooke, Hdbk. No. 

 1602 ; Cooke, M. F. p. 194, figs. 27, 28. 



Pine Bkanch Twist. 

 Ccsoma pinitorquum (Br.), PI. XXI. fig. 50. 



This disease is prevalent throughout Germany, often attacking Pine 

 seedlings. The infection is said to be caused by the teleutospores of 

 Melampsora Tremulce. 



Pustules linear (up to 2 cm. long), either solitary or crowded, orange- 

 yellow. Uredospores rounded or ovoid, angular by compression, warted 

 (15-20 fi diam.), pale reddish -yellow. 



Sacc. Syll. vii. 3141 ; Mass. PI. Dis. p. 236, fig. 60 ; Hart. & Som. 

 Dis. Trees, p. 166, figs. 97-99. 



Spruce Nectria. 

 Nectria cucurbitula (Fries), PI. XXI. fig. 51. 



This common Nectria occurs usually as a saprophyte, but it also 

 becomes a wound parasite, and attacks the Spruce, or less commonly the 

 Silver Fir. The red perithecia burst through the back, which is killed, and 

 ultimately the wood dries up and dies. The perithecia produce colourless 

 sporidia contained in asci (14-18 x 6-7 /<), uniseptate and binucleate. 



Hart. & Som. Dis. Trees, p. 89, figs. 37, 38 ; Mass. PL Dis. p. 130 ; 

 Cooke, Hdbk. No. 2349 ; Sacc. Syll. ii. 4680. 



Spruce Woolly Sph^ria. 

 Trichosphceria parasitica (Hart.). 



This parasite of the Spruce and Silver Fir appears on the young 

 branches, spreading to the under side of the leaves, and is well known in 

 parts of Europe. 



Hart. & Som. Dis. Trees, p. 72, fig. 18 ; Mass. PL Dis. p. 114. 



Black Woolly Sph^ria 



Herpotrichia nigra (Hart.) 



is destructive to Spruce in the Bavarian forests. 



Hart. & Som. Dis. Trees, p. 76, figs. 24, 25 ; Mass. PL Dis. p. 113. 



Conifer Root Rot. 

 Fomes annosus (Fr.). 



This has the reputation of being one of the most destructive fungi 

 which attack Conifers. Germinating spores gain an entrance into the 

 living tissue of the roots and form a thin white mycelium between the 

 bark and the wood. The cell contents change to a brown colour, and the 

 wood soon assumes a pale yellowish-brown colour, with scattered white 

 patches, each with a black spot in the centre. 



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