FUNGOID PESTS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 213 



clusters from the trunk or branches of Beech trees, with a stem from two 

 or three to five inches long, rather slender, but thickest at the base, whitish, 

 sometimes with dark scales, with a broad distinct ring or collar surround- 

 ing the stem, above the middle. Gills very broad and white. Spores 

 elliptical (14-16 x 8-9 /.i), very slimy and unpleasant to the touch, but 

 very delicate eating when cooked. 



Found throughout Europe and North America. 



All wounds and cut branches should be protected by applying a coating 

 of tar. Infection only by means of the spores, hence all the Agarics 

 should be collected and eaten or destroyed. 



Sacc. Syll. vi. 310 ; Cooke, Hdbk. No. 37 ; Cooke, Illus. t. 1G ; Mass. 

 PL Dis. p. 204. 



Hydnum diversidens (Fr.) is apparently a wound parasite, which has 

 occurred on Beech in Epping Forest ; it is an interesting species, but so 

 rare as to be a curiosity. 



Sacc. Syll. 6697. 



HOKNBEAM AnTHRACNOSE. 



Gloeosporium Carpini (Desm.), PL XX. fig. 23. 



The anthracnose on living and fading leaves of Hornbeam as developed 

 on the under surface on olive-brown, irregular, and indefinite spots. The 

 pustules are very minute, pale brown, and scarcely conspicuous. The 

 conidia are cylindrical and curved or sickle-shaped (10-15 x^ //), and 

 very narrow and thread-like, oozing from the orifice in whitish tendrils. 



Known also in France, Germany, Italy, and Austria. 



Sacc. Syll. iii. 3722 ; Grevillea, xiv. p. 124, No. 619 ; Sacc. F. Ital. 

 fig. 1021. 



Another species (Glceosporium Bobergei) is known on the Continent, 

 on leaves of the Hornbeam, but not recorded for Britain. This tree is 

 much favoured in immunity from fungus parasites. 



Hornbeam-leaf Blotch. 

 Gnomoniella fimbriata (Anc), PI. XX. fig. 21. 



It is not unusual to see living leaves of Hornbeam disfigured by pro- 

 minent black convex blotches, which are themselves tuberculate with 

 elevated warts, each of which indicates and covers an immersed cell or 

 receptacle, and terminates in a spine-like neck, which is surrounded at 

 the base by a white collar or fringe. These receptacles contain the 

 fructification, which consists of oblong sacs or asci, each enclosing eight 

 ellipsoid sporidia (10-11 x5;<), which, when mature, escape through the 

 elongated neck of the receptacle. 



It is believed that earlier in the season the conidia are developed 

 under the form of an anthracnose, formerly considered a distinct species, 

 and known as Glaosporium Carpini, which has cylindrical curved conidia 

 (10-15 x 1 /u), expelled when mature in whitish tendrils. 



This blotch is known throughout Europe and in North America. 



