372 PLANT DISEASES 



Claviceps, Tul. — Stroma stipitate, erect, capitate, spring- 

 ing from a sclerotium ; perithecia immersed in the stroma^ 

 very slightly protruding ; asci cylindric-clavate ; spores 

 filiform, continuous, hyaline ; spermogonia and conidia 

 present in some species. 



Claviceps purpurea, Tul., An/i. Sci. Nat.^ 1853? vol. xx. 

 tab. 3. — Mycelium developing in the ovary of various 

 grasses and forming first a whitish, minutely velvety body 

 on the surface of the ovary, covered with conidiophores 

 bearing very minute conidia { = Sphacelia segetwn^ Lev.). 

 Next the sclerotium increases in size and becomes horn- 

 shaped or cylindrical, slightly curved, purple-black, and 

 rugulose externally. After a period of rest the sclerotium 

 gives origin to one or several stipitate, subglobose, purplish, 

 warted stromata 2-4 mm. diam., stem often crooked, 1-3 

 cm. long; asci narrow, 8-spored ; spores filiform, hyaline, 

 continuous, arranged in a parallel fascicle, 50-70 x i'5 \i. 



EpicMoe, Fries. — Stroma sessile, effused, girdling the 

 culm in grasses, bright-coloured or blackish, at first bear- 

 ing conidia ; perithecia immersed, mouth scarcely promi- 

 nent ; asci 8-spored ; spores filiform, almost as long as the 

 ascus, hyaline or tinged yellow, continuous or multiseptate, 

 in some species separating at the septa into numerous 

 cells, arranged in a parallel fascicle in the ascus. 



EpicMoe typhina, T\A.^Fu7ig. Carp., iii. p. 24. — Stroma 

 entirely encircling the culm of various grasses, up to 3 

 cm. long, at first whitish and producing ovoid, hyaline 

 conidia 4-5X3 /^ ; then yellow and finally tawny orange, 

 minutely granulose from the projecting mouths of the 

 perithecia; asci cylindrical, slightly constricted just below 



