Mr. Gardner on the Vegetation of the Organ Mountains. 165 



longest, and furnished with distinct teeth ; anal fin with fewer 

 rays : it besides grows to a larger size. The descriptions of 

 continental authors are not sufficiently minute to identify this 

 species. 



These fish are found in Loch-Lomond in great numbers, 

 where they are named Powans or Freshwater Herrings. They 

 are caught from the month of March until September with large 

 drag nets, and occasional instances have occurred in which a 

 few have been taken with a small artificial fly ; a minnow or 

 bait they have never been known to touch. Early in the 

 morning and late in the evening large shoals of them are ob- 

 served approaching the shores in search of food, and rippling 

 the surface of the water with their fins as they proceed. In 

 this respect they resemble in their habits those of the Loeh- 

 maben Vendace and the common saltwater herring. They 

 are never seen under any circumstances during the middle of 

 the day. From the estimation these fish are held in by the 

 neighbouring inhabitants, they are seldom sent far before they 

 meet with a ready sale, and are entirely unknown in the 

 markets of Glasgow. In the months of August and Septem- 

 ber they are in best condition for the table, when they are con- 

 sidered well-flavoured, wholesome, and delicate food. They 

 shed their spawn in October and December, and remain out of 

 condition until March*. 



XVII. — An account of a Journey to, and a Residence of nearly 

 Six Months in, the Organ Mountains, ivith Remarks on their 

 Vegetation. By Mr. George Gardner. 



(Communicated by the Author to Sir W. J. Hooker.) 



Having packed up all the collections which I made in the 

 neighbourhood of Rio de Janeiro, and left them in the city to 

 be forwarded in the first ship for London, I started on the 

 morning of the 25th of December for the Organ Mountains. 

 The peaks which receive this appellation are part of a moun- 

 tain range stretching from beyond Bahia in the north to Bue- 



* Communicated to the Royal Society of Edinburgh, when specimens of 

 all the British Coregoni were at the same time exhibited. 



