Mr. Lyell on Fossil Mammalia from the Suffolk Cray. 189 



shell, a variety of the Planorbis maryinatus, and in the red 

 crag of other places three individuals of an estuary species, 

 Auricula myosotis. The same river which conveyed these 

 shells, but especially the Planorbis, into the open sea, may also 

 have carried down the carcasses or bones of land animals. 



XX. — On the occurrence of Fossil Quadrumanous, Marsupial, 

 and other Mammalia in the London Clay, near Woodbridge, 

 in Suffolk. By Charles LYELL,Esq.,F.R.S.,V.P.G.S.,&c. 



In the summer of 1838 I was informed by Mr. Wm. Col- 

 chester of Ipswich, that he had obtained in the spring of the 

 preceding year, from Kyson (or Kingston), near Woodbridge, 

 in Suffolk, a tooth which he supposed to belong to a mam- 

 miferous quadruped, and that it was derived from a bed of 

 sand which he conceived to belong to the London clay forma- 

 tion. In the following year, after having seen the tooth in 

 question and recognized it as decidedly mammiferous, I re- 

 quested him to take me to the spot, which is situated near the 

 village of Martlesham, on the borders of the estuary of the 

 Deben, about lj mile from Woodbridge, and at the distance 

 of about 6 miles from the village of Newbourn mentioned in 

 the preceding notice, I found the deposit at Kyson to con- 

 sist of brown clay laid open to the depth of 1 2 feet, and be- 

 low this sand in layers, yellow and white, which has been 

 pierced to the depth of 12 feet without reaching the bottom. 

 The clay and sand here are dug for making bricks ; in the up- 

 permost bed of this sand, precisely at the point where it is 

 in contact with the overlying clay, I found numerous teeth of 

 fishes of the Shark family, similar to others which Mr. Col- 

 chester had previously met with associated with the mamma- 

 lian tooth. 



As the clay at Kyson is covered by red crag at a short di- 

 stance from the pits, and as I had seen clay of the same co- 

 lour beneath the crag in the neighbouring cliffs of Bawdsey, 

 and also at Felixstow and Harwich, containing Septaria, and 

 as at Harwich the imbedded shells, fruits, and bones of Turtle, 

 are such as characterize the London clay, I entertained no 

 doubt that the Kyson formation belonged to the Eocene period. 



