Common Loon 



Common Murre 

 Horizontal scale = 20 cm 



Elegant Tern 

 Figure 23. Birds commonly associated with kelp forests. 



regular feeding territories in the canopy, 

 particularly if freshwater feeding areas 

 are limited. 



While diving in kelp forests, Foster 

 (pers. obs.) observed the northern 

 phalarope ( Lobipes lobatus ) feeding on 

 plankton within openings in the canopy. 

 The common loon ( Gavia immer , Figure 23), 

 western grebe ( Aechmorphorus occidental is , 

 Figure 23), surf scoter ( Melanitta 

 perspicillata , Figure 23), and white- 



winged scoter (M. deglandi ) may also use 

 California kelp forests with large open 

 areas within the canopy (Baldridge pers. 

 comm. ). 



Midwater and bottom. 



Of 



all the 



cormorant 



birds, the Brandt's 

 ( Phalacrocorax pennicillatus , Figure 23), 

 and possibly the pelagic cormorant (P. 

 pelagicus , Figure 23) are most closely 

 associated with California kelp forests 

 (Ainley pers. comm.). Hubbs et al . (1970) 



78 



