500 FETCH : 



already referped to, he contributed Papers to the Annals of 

 Botany on " Observations on Latex and its Functions," and 

 " The Extra-floral Nectaries of Hevea hrasiliensis." 



In 1899 the F. M. S. Government voted a sum of 4,000 

 dollars for the pm'pose of carrying out experiments in rubber 

 and other products : and in 1900 Mr. Stanley Arden was 

 appointed to the post of Superintendent of the Experimental 

 Plantations at Kuala Lumpur. It would appear, however, 

 that the experimental plantations were not estabhshed until 

 1902 {T. A., XXIIL, p. 32). 



Arden carried out tapping experiments on the same lines 

 as Parkin, i.e., with the idea of ascertaining the principles of 

 rubber tapping, but on a more extended scale. His report 

 for 1901 deals chiefly with experiments in tapping and coagula- 

 tion at S'tiawan, Perak, where, on trees grown on a native 

 estate and somewhat stunted, he obtained an average yield 

 of I lb. from six- to seven-year old trees, and 2 lb. from nine- 

 year old trees. On Pataling estate, trees three and a half 

 years old, measuring 32 inches in girth at 3 feet, yielded 6 oz. 

 Arden discarded the mallet and chisel in favour of a pruning 

 knife, and subsequent^ made a knife with adjustable blades. 

 He found. that the latex flowed most freely from the lower 

 part of the trunk, that V incisions yielded more than vertical 

 or oblique cuts, -and that the herring-bone yielded less than 

 V's " extending over the whole area." In one experiment 

 the incisions were renewed on both sides of the wound, upper 

 and lower, for a month, daily and every second, fourth, and 

 seventh day ; he concluded that nothing was to be gained by 

 the longer interval. In his coagulation experiments mercuric 

 chloride, common salt, alum, acetic acid, and other reagents 

 were tried. 



Arden's chief contribution is his " Report on Hevea hrasili- 

 enms in the Malay Peninsula, 1902." His experiments deal 

 with lh(! yields obtained from oblique incisions, V cuts, and 

 full herring-bones, both from single incisions, and from 

 renewed cuts. They are described in detail, but in most cases 

 are not comparative. His V cuts, for instance, were made a 

 year later than the oblique incisions. He recommended V's 

 or small herring-bones scattered over the stem to a height of 



