212 ANNALS OF SCOTTISH NATURAL HISTORY 



the Clyde counties south or north of the Clyde Firth. This 

 negative evidence therefore seems to extend to all the 

 western portions from Solway to Clyde inclusive. 



On arriving in summer at the Firth of Forth, we find 

 the Lothians all being populated well up to the roots of the 

 Lammermoors and round the eastern end of the range by 

 Haddington, and they then follow the wooded and suitable 

 country westward, and pass on north through central 

 Scotland — Forth to Tay. 



But, on the other hand, we have no account of any 

 summer visitants to any localities whatever in Fife, Kinross, 

 or anywhere on the east side of the Firth of Forth, even at 

 its narrower parts — say from Kincardine Ferry to Stirling. 

 Although we do have clear enough evidence of their summer 

 presence, only just across the water at Dunmore. 



From central Scotland the advance can be easily traced 

 through the wooded tracts of Torwood (?), Polmaise, Touch, 

 and Sauchie (?), and as far up as the roots of the hills at 

 Callander. The only evidence of any overflow from east to 

 west is at Loch Awe, where, two summers in succession, at 

 least * borings ' have been found, — but see square brackets 

 ante. 



From Stirling via Airthrie Castle grounds at the root of 

 the eastern spur of the Ochils, v/e hold evidence again of the 

 wooded and low-lying ground being followed — to Callander, 

 as already shown, and also to the finely timbered slopes 

 between Crieff and Comrie, and Methven and Perth. 



It may be remembered that we clearly showed that 

 Capercaillies found their way out of Tay via Glen Dochart 

 to Inverary and Loch Awe, but even yet these birds are 

 not to be called firmly established, though it is undoubted 

 that birds have bred there of late years. It would appear 

 similarly, that the winter Woodpeckers at Loch Awe have 

 come by the same route. 



From the south slopes and wooded tracts between Crieff 

 and Perth, the birds have reached well up into the Tay valley, 

 and by 1908 may be said to have got right up to the roots 

 of the Grampians, at least as far as Murthly and Dunkeld ; 

 and it is believed about seven or eight pairs are present in 

 the upper reaches of the Tay. But again, a dearth of summer 



