THE FALSE-SCORPIONS OF SCOTLAND 155 



Forth, I rediscovered on May 23, 1905, the habitat at North 

 Berwick in which Mr. Crowther had first found them. Just below 

 the promontory proper and adjoining the swimming pond and 

 harbour is a strip of low-lying porphyritic rock, whose surface is 

 scarred and torn in every direction. Here in the crevices between 

 the fragments of rock Chelifer latreillii lives. Most of the thirteen 

 individuals seen were adult, but an immature specimen closely 

 approaching in tint the colour of the rock was also observed. Some 

 old nests in which individuals had moulted were attached to the 

 fragments of rock, and a single occupied nest contained a young 

 individual that may not have emerged from its hibernating quarters. 

 This last nest was an elliptic ring, about four millimetres by two, 

 formed of particles of grit agglutinated, with an inner lining of light 

 silk; it was placed between two appressed rock -fragments and 

 formed quite a safe retreat for the inmate. 



This rediscovery of the original habitat of Chelifer latreillii was 

 followed by the discovery of other haunts, indicating the abundance 

 of this species on certain parts of our coast-line. To the west of 

 North Berwick, at Gullane Point, in the cracks and crevices of the 

 natural rock I saw many on October 14, 1905 ; a number of the 

 immature individuals were dwelling alone in large cocoons, and had 

 already in my opinion entered on hibernation. At the same spot, 

 on November 10, 1906, adults and young were found hibernating 

 solitarily in cocoons, and other adults were resting in a free condition 

 in the joints of the rock. 



On the opposite shore of the Forth, near Elie, Mr. Evans took 

 two specimens in July 1905, and, on 14th September, George Barbour 

 and I near the same place found over twenty specimens and many 

 empty nests in cracks of the natural rock just above high-water. 

 And at Kilminning, in the East Neuk of Fife, during September 

 1905, George Barbour and I met with the species abundantly under 

 stonej on a fine pebbly subsoil a few yards above tide-mark ; and 

 on nth November of the same year I found five individuals living 

 free in the rock crevices of Rosyth promontory. 



My delay in finding Chelifer latreillii in Scotland is partly 

 explained by a preconceived notion that it would be found in 

 haunts similar to those in which it is known to occur in England 

 and in France. Mr. Wallis Kew had informed me that on the 

 treeless sand-hills and warrens of the Lincolnshire coast it occurs in 

 abundance under pieces of wood and other objects lying on the 

 sand or sandy soil, as well as under the bark of maimed stumps of 

 sea-buckthorn and elder, and of dead branches of these bushes in 

 fences. There can hardly be any doubt but that it occurs in similar 

 situations in Scotland, but our present information shows that it 

 prefers here natural rocky ground close to the sea. 



When exposed to the light Chelifer latreillii remains for a while 



