i6o ANNALS OF SCOTTISH NATURAL HISTORY 



and I found it on natural rocky ground throughout a considerable 

 area, in August 1906. At Oban, in April 1906, we took it not 

 only on the mainland, but also on the Maiden Island and on 

 Kerrera. Farther south, on the shores of Loch Fyne at Shirvan, 

 Henry Drummond Simpson and I, during August and September 

 1904, found many specimens on the stony hillsides both of the 

 open and of the woodland ; and at Ronachan in Cantire I obtained 

 four individuals at Christmas 1905. 



Meantime I had discovered another stronghold of the species 

 among the rocks at Portincross Castle in Ayrshire. From 

 November 7, 1903, to April 2, 1904, I have entries of eighty-two 

 specimens in my note-book. The Ayrshire haunt of /. cambridgii 

 is the tree-clad cliff-foot that skirts the shore ; here the ground is in 

 a natural condition with many stones imbedded in the earth or 

 rudely jumbled together, and with a soft and somewhat marshy 

 soil ; under the stones / caiiibridgii dwells. In the extreme south 

 of Scotland also, at Kippford in Kirkcudbrightshire, we obtained 

 five specimens in January 1907, taking two of these on the small 

 Rough Island. 



Its main haunts are on rocky hillsides, both by the shore and 

 inland, where it is most generally found under tightly -imbedded 

 stones. It has, however, been procured on driftwood also, in 

 company with Chernes dubius and Chthonius rayi, by Robert 

 Whyte ; and it has been obtained among leaves, in company with 

 O. miiscoru7n^ by the same naturalist. 



This species is not so active as O. muscoriim^ although, so far 

 as its free life is concerned, it possesses similar habits. Its mode 

 of progression is a slow advance with extended nippers ; in making 

 its way between little blobs of soil, it twists its pedipalps simul- 

 taneously, now to right, now to left, to suit the necessary line of 

 progress, and, on touching any suspicious object, it retracts them and 

 runs backwards. When prodded behind, it turns slowly. 



/. cambridgii preys on tiny worms and springtails. Although I 

 have seen this species five times with its prey, I have never seen 

 it using its great nippers in handling the food at all ; I have not, 

 however, witnessed the full process of capture in this species. 

 Once I disturbed an / cambridgii with a small whitish worm of 

 about its own length and as thick as the False-scorpion's fore-body ; 

 it was holding the worm by the middle in its chelicerae, and had 

 already sucked one half. It began to move off, carrying the worm 

 with it, lying over its left chelicera and along the left side of its 

 carapace ; and, as it walked, it jerked out a minute dot of chalky 

 excrement from its anus. It carried its prey quite easily and 

 moved slowly about with it till it discovered a convenient ball of 

 earth under which to retire ; but, on being disturbed by me a 

 second time, it left its prey and retreated backwards. 



