io8 INTRODUCTION 



Animals which are found within Living Animals." 

 This work, a veritable treatise of comparative 

 parasitology, published in 1684, caused the great 

 naturalist, physician, and poet to be regarded as the 

 father of that science. He tells us that in dissecting 

 a curious dicephalous Viper a aspis, caught at Pisa, he 

 found within the intestines a number of roundworms 

 (Ascaris cephaloptera), and on the surface of one of 

 the two lobes of the liver five cysts enclosing a small 

 worm, which he rightly ascribed to the same species. 



The parasites of snakes are here enumerated by 

 Dr. L. W. Sambon, in systematic order. 



Arthropoda. — Two families of the class Arach- 

 nida, the Ixodidse and the Linguatulidae, furnish 

 numerous species parasitic on snakes. 



Of the Ticks (Ixodidae) we find, as a rule, species 

 of the genera Amblyomma and Aponomma, the 

 latter genus being almost entirely confined to 

 Reptiles. A single species of the genus Hcema- 

 physalis (H. punctata, Can. and Franz, 1877) has 

 been reported once from Viper a aspis. A few larval 

 forms found on various snakes have been reported 

 under the generic name Ixodes, but they probably 

 belong either to A mblyomma or Aponomma. 



The Ophidian Tick-parasites, like those of 

 mammals, birds, lizards, and tortoises, appear to 

 be in many cases the means of transmission of 

 protozoal infections from snake to snake. 



The Tongue - worms (Linguatulidae) are, with- 



