'BO Mississippi Valley Horticultural Society. 



conditions obtaining in different places. Irrigation by ditches is 

 important in a country where water comes from above, but in many 

 parts the ground which we want to irrigate is above the water sup- 

 ply, so the water must be raised. We have irrigation by wind and 

 by steam power. J. M. Smith, of Green Bay> Wisconsin, is one of 

 the most successful horticulturists and his sons are also very suc- 

 cessful. He elevates his water by wind, they by steam power. 

 Their expense is much less than his. They elevate and store the 

 water in great tanks and apply it with hose. Gardeners are com- 

 ing to the conclusion that this is the best plan. I wish to speak of 

 the Buffalo berry which Mr. Grimes has mentioned. I found it 

 growing along streams in the West, but I also found it growing on 

 bluffs almost independent of water. It will be immensely valuable 

 for a hedge plant, on account of its ability to stand drouth. 



Mr. Masters, of Nebraska — While I have had no experience in 

 sub-irrigation, I have been watching the subject with interest. I 

 have visited grounds where it is used. One man tried for two or 

 three years and found on three or four acres his windmill was not 

 sufficient. He put up another larger one and that answered. But 

 he found his soil was being injured. He abandoned the system and 

 used sub-irrigation.' He put tile under each row, eight inches deep, 

 and allowed the rows to be a foot and a half in width. In refer- 

 ence to the evergreens of the Kocky Mountains, I think the spruce 

 which JNIr. Grimes spoke of will be valuable to us in Nebraska. 

 The Norway does not do well for me. I can get a greater per cent, 

 of the other to grow. 



President Earle — Interesting and important as this discussion is, 

 pressure of business demands that we cut it short. 



Mr. Hale — One question . Does Mr. J. M. Smith apply the wa- 

 ter at night or day ? 



Answer". At night. 



Ex Gov. Furnas, of Nebraska, being called upon for his paper, 

 remarked : 



When I was solicited to prepare a paper for this occasion, 1 

 only consented on condition that my subject might be ' Forests and 

 Timber Interests of Puget's Sound,' to which I have been giving 



