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their form and symmetry sliow their origin. Mr. Martin, and also some others, 

 have attempted to introduce improved breeds of swine, but with little permanent 

 success ; and a large proportion of the hogs raised are of inferior stock. There 

 are no sheep in the county except those that have been brought here for the 

 shambles. The horses raised are Indian and Canadian ponies, good specimens 

 of the breed, a hardy race of animals, easily kept, and capable of enduring mucii 

 fatigue. Three years ago, quite a number were purchased for the California 

 emigration, and they are said to have endured the fatigues of the journey across 

 the plains as well or better than any other animals. 



Adaptation to Stock-raising as compared to Tillage. — Stock-raising and 

 its concomitant pursuits, will unquestionably become a leading business with agri- 

 culturists in this county. Wherever the land has been cleared, and cattle have 

 been permitted to range over it, English grasses, and particularly white clover, 

 have kept an even pace with the improvement, and by their rich and nourishing 

 juices, gladdened the heart of the husbandman, by imparting to his animals 

 vigor and fatness. The vernal grass upon the Schuylkill, near Philadelphia, is 

 world-renowned for its nutritious properties ; but there is a similar semi-native 

 grass here, that comes in almost unbidden as soon as the forest is removed, of 

 nearly, or quite equal value, and well adapted to mowing or pasturage. But 

 this grass is not exclusive, for white and red clover, and red top and timothy, 

 have a peculiar tenacity to life when introduced into the soil. 



The steady cold of our winters seems to be well adapted to secure the health 

 of stock, much better than alternate snow and rain storms, — consequently, if pro- 

 perly fed, stock will be active and vigorous, and can be made as fine by breed- 

 ing and feeding as any where else in the State. 



Horticulture and Fruit growing. — The spring season is uniformly cold 

 and backward, and garden vegetables grow very little until after the 20th of 

 May. Peas, onions, and such hardy vegetables, may be planted before this time, 

 but such as are liable to be injured by the frost, should not be planted until later. 

 When the earth gets warm, there is probably no country where vegetable growth 

 is more rapid. In the Fox River valley and along the shores of the bay, garden 

 vegetables are obtained grown in the open air within two weeks of as early as 

 when cultivated in the same manner upon the lake shore at Chicago. Melons 

 grow luxuriantly, and ripen in August. Plums and cherries, of the hardier 

 varieties, grow with little trouble. Peaches have never been successfully culti- 

 vated, but apples Avill be a certain crop, whenever the trees get large enough to 

 bear. Most of the sub-soil, where the land is level, being impervious to water, 

 fruit trees, in order to do well, should be planted upon rolling land, or land that is 

 well drained, as the influence of much water around the roots at any season of 

 the year is highly deleterious. There are now many young orchards, as well aa 



