298 f 



" Science multiplies the productiveness of labor in all the mechanical arts ; it 

 cheapens the cost of construction, and the service of all classes of commer- 

 cial agency ; it imparts a vivifying energy to the agricultural elements, enlarging 

 its yield, and adapting its varied results to the demands of an advancing civiliza- 

 tion — transmuting the sweat of the husbandman's brovr, not into that bread 

 alone which goes to the sustentation of the animal nature, but into aliment for 

 the growth of his intellectual, moral, and social being. 



" It is manifest, therefore, that a State University cannot now be regarded as 

 entire in its plan and design, without the organization of a Department of the 

 ' Practical Applications of Science.' 



"The Chairs of Instruction in such Department, should be suflSciently nume- 

 rous, and the scope of each sufficiently extensive to cover the whole ground of 

 the philosophy of the useful arts ; and to afford ample opportunity to the young 

 men of the State, whether graduates of the other Departments or not, to ;)repare 

 themselves, in the best manner, for the intelligent prosecution of their several 

 industrial avocations, and for the skilful administration, each in his sphere, of the 

 productive agencies, which science is offering, in improved forms, to tie well- 

 directed enterprise which distinguishes modern civilization. 



" In the establishment of this Department of Applied Science, none of the 

 industrial processes are more interested than that of Agriculture. It is impos- 

 sible that the annual yield of land and labor, should not be gi-eatly increised in 

 quantity and improved in quality, by the universal diffusion among cultvators, 

 of a knowledge of the analysis of soils — of the action of manures — of he ele- 

 ments which enter into the composition of grasses, grains, and other agrbultural 

 products severally — of the natural history of plants and animals, and the elations 

 of light, heat, moisture, gravitation, electricity and its cognate agents, to he pro- 

 cesses of organic life. 



" The same reasons then that have hitherto gathered Schools of Law, Medicine 

 and Theology, around the Literary Depailment in the University systeu, and 

 are now attracting to its appropriate place in the same system, the Sciool of 

 Normal Instruction — the same reasons would bring the Agricultural Sciool, in 

 like manner, within the scope of University instruction, and offer to the profes- 

 sional student in this Art a like liberal culture, to that which has been deened, 

 heretofore, the appropriate, if not the exclusive, preparation of the candidate for 

 the learned professions. 



" When the great truth shall pass into an abiding conviction, of the popiar 

 mind, that Agriculture and the Useful Arts have their appropriate science, wh:h 

 is to be reached through philosophical and professional culture, the causes wh;h 

 have served to depress the industrial occupations will disappear; the social poi- 

 tion of the individual will cease to be determined by his art or calling, but ^V.1 



