^211 



Horticulture as yet has not been much attended to, but the specimens of flowers 

 and fruits already raised are really fine. 



The principal market at present is the Wisconsin Piuer}'^, distance sixty miles, 

 which takes all we can raise; but the Wisconsin River will, now that steamers are 

 running regularly in summer, take oiF every surplus. 



All the potatoes we could spare, amounting to several thousand bushels, went 



down the ri\ or in arks last year, and found a ready market. 



I remain. Sir, youi-s very truly, 



HENRY B. STAINES. 

 To Albert C. Ingham, Esq. 



Sec. of the Wis. State Agr. Society. 



AGRICULTURE OF SHEBOYGAN COUNTY. 



Sheboygan, December 31st, 1851. 



Dear Sir — The village of Sheboygan is situated on a sandy elevation, about 

 forty-three feet above the level of Lake Michigan. The sand extends down in 

 horizontal beds about twenty feet, aud exhibits the same phenomena that we 

 might expect from the combined effects of ice and water — the difierent beds seem 

 to mark great and distinct commotions in the then superincumbent waters. Some 

 of these separate beds of sand are composed of an innumerable number of minor 

 strata, which are bent and contorted in every possible direction; and are quite 

 irregular in extent and thickness, exhibiting the same appearance that is seen in 

 a section of the sand on the present lake shore, in the spi'ing, when the pieces of 

 ice have been melted that were at different times washed on shore, and buried in 

 the sand. Below the sand is a stratified bed of clay, which is here seventy-eight 

 feet in thickness. The strata are generally very thin, and divided by fine sand. 

 Boulders are occasionally found in the clay. This clay makes excellent light- 

 colored brick. Below the clay is carboniferous limestone, which is here ninety- 

 tight feet below the surface of the ground, and fifty-five feet below the surface of 

 t\ie lake. This stone has, at our village, been penetrated one hundred feet with a 

 view of obtaining an artesian well. No remarkable change was observed in the 

 rotk. 



Leaving our town, and proceeding north, the sand bed becomes more shallow, 

 and, Snally, within two miles disappears, leaving the clay at the surface. At the 

 light-house point, which is about one mile north, the surface of the rock is above 

 the surface of, and extends out into the lake, and is anticlinial, the dip being to 

 the N. W. and S. E. The surface of the rock is here polished and grooved, the 



