74 OX PLANTING IN EXPOSED AND 



first-class shelter tree, nor profitable unless clean grown, the 

 wiiter does not consider it a good hedgerow or margin plant in 

 exposed positions. If, however, it is growing in exposed situa- 

 tions, intermixed with other trees, it makes considerable growth, 

 and in suitable soils will be found more profitable than many 

 other hardwood varieties. 



Uhi, Scotch or WycJi, and English. — The former stands well in 

 exposed hedgerows and plantations, and although not growing 

 to extra large size, is a good shelter plant, from its having 

 numerous branches and twigs, which yield to the breeze, without 

 being much injured, and as it is in most cases much more upright 

 and less blown or one-sided than the ash, the writer considers 

 it a better margin plant for exposed plantations than any of the 

 above-named trees. The English elm is less hardy, but in a good 

 dry loam attains a large size even in exposed situations, and in 

 some instances doing equally well alongside of the wych elm, 

 growing to a large size, good shape, and with healthy foliage. 



Sycamore grows well, in some instances attaining good size 

 and age in extremely exposed situations, while in others it is not 

 doing well while young, nor attaining average size at advanced 

 age. A small plantation, which is about ten years old, in an 

 exposed place, has had the sycamore cut down, and died off to 

 near the ground by the severe winds. On the other hand, some 

 hedgerow and margin of plantation trees are doing moderately 

 well and maintaining a good shape and healthy appearance, and 

 where the ground is at all suitable, it is much to be recommended 

 for planting in exposed situations, both for ornament and shelter, 

 as well as for profitable purposes. From the round shape and 

 the closeness of its branches and foliage, it is a first class shelter 

 tree when it arrives at an average age and size. 



Beech, where the soil is dry and light, is growing well in 

 exposed places, and from the length of time it retains its foliage 

 in their weathered state, makes it a good tree for shelter, but 

 where the soil is heavy and stiff it makes slow progress, and dies 

 at an early age. 



Chestnut, Spanish. — Few are to be seen growing in exposed 

 situations, and where there are any much exposed to the winds 

 they are in a very unhealthy state, and have made but small 

 progress. They are generally dead, or dying towards the top, 

 and the stem of the tree more or less covered with spray. It is 

 therefore not at all adapted for exposed planting. 



Chestnut, Horse. — This, like the last-noticed variety, is not weU 

 adapted for severe exposures, as both buds and branches are very 

 liable to destruction by even moderate winds. 



Lime, seldom seen in exposed positions, and the few the 

 writer has seen, show in adaptation to a very windy site. The 

 young shoots die away year after year. 



