76 ON PLAKTING IN EXPOSED AND 



Holly. — The common lioUy is very numerous in the hedges^ 

 both kept low as a fence, and left to grow at its own accord. It 

 has the appearance of making a good hedge plant in exposed 

 places, as it grows very close, and where growing as a tree or 

 shrub, although much blown to one side and cut by the wind, 

 attains considerable size, and makes progress in very exposed 

 places. The writer has cut down trees of eighteen inches dia- 

 meter, which were blown and grown so much to one side tliat 

 they had the appearance of being switched with a hedging knife, 

 so straight and close was the surface of the branches and foliage, 

 and still having a very green and liealthy appearance. 



Hazel is growing to moderate size in extremely exposed situa- 

 tions, but where growing alongside of the common thorn, is much 

 more wind-blown and one-sided, and also less hardy than the 

 thorn. 



Elder is growing well in very exposed situations, and from its 

 fastness of growth is a good nurse plant in suitable ground in 

 exposed situations. 



Portugal Laurel when growing in the face of the wind does- 

 not make great progress, and is very much one-sided and cut by 

 the wind on the exposed side. 



The Common Laurel is rather thin of foliage. It takes, how- 

 ever, a good upward growth, although not very bushy. 



The Arhitus is growing in moderately exposed positions in a 

 very healthy state, having beautiful foliage, and well covered 

 with flowers and fruit. 



The Common Dog Rose is also growing freely in a wild and 

 rambling state in exposed hedges. 



Scots Fir in many cases appear very one-sided from twelve to 

 twenty years planted, and very bare of branches on the exposed 

 side, having an almost flat appearance ; while much older trees 

 with a clean stem have their tops one-sided. But in most cases 

 the old trees have a healthy appearance, and not much cut by 

 the wind. 



Austrian Pine everywhere shows a very healthy and robust 

 appearance, with their branches growing well out against the 

 wind, and even where the stem and whole tree is blown towards 

 the east by the prevailing winds, the branches and foliage retain 

 their position and colour. This variety, although not making 

 much more upward growth than the Scots fir, grows more stiff, 

 with abundance of branches and foliage, and is therefore much 

 to be recommended as a margin plant in exposed plantations. 



The Pineaster is not numerous here, but in the few instances 

 to be met with they have not the healthy nor hardy appearance 

 of the Austrian pine, and are in most cases blown to one side. 



Larch does not appear to be at all hardy in very exposed 

 situations, and shows signs of decay at a very early age. Many 



