3o8 Phillips on a Comparative Study of the 



into motion when the attraction and expulsion of the fluids 

 are unequal and so lively that the opposition of the water is 

 overcome." He also speaks (59) of the power of Oscil- 

 laria to move independently of their sheath, attributing the 

 movements to the same cause. 



Max Schultz (70) supposed that the movement was due 

 to protoplasmic creeping of the organism upon the surface 

 of the slide by means of protoplasmic pseudopods passing 

 through the cell walls, and continuous with a delicate con- 

 tractile pellicle of protoplasm surrounding the cell, though 

 he was scarcely able to demonstrate the pellicle. He was 

 able to show the pseudopods by passing over them currents 

 of water in which free coloring matter was ground up and 

 suspended, the fine granules of color adhering to the proto- 

 plasmic processes. He believed that the plant could not 

 move unless in contact with some object, as the slide or 

 another trichome of the plant. He could easily make out 

 the movements of particles of indigo on the trichomes of 

 Oscillaria as described by von Siebold. These movements 

 sometimes became rapid, and in the thicker species the par- 

 ticles at times revolved in a spiral. He noted that there was 

 secreted a slimy substance which cemented the indigo par- 

 ticles together, for he could see the moving trichomes 

 dragging the particles after them for a while, and later he 

 could trace where a trichome had passed by means of the 

 agglutinated particles of indigo which formed a kind of 

 tube in its track. The cause of movement he considered to 

 be entirely similar to that of Diatoms. 



Von Siebold (72) wrote as follows: "The Oscillarieae 

 offer a very interesting sight when we notice their turn- 

 ing movements in water which has been colored with indigo. 

 All of the pieces of indigo which come in contact with 

 the Oscillarian trichome are passed into a slender spiral 

 along the filaments towards the end, and the filaments may 

 either remain stationary or move forward. It was surpris- 

 ing to me that sometimes these forward gliding motions 



