xlviii Proceedings of the Botanical Society of 



Professor Macfarlane then spoke on "The Structure of 

 Cycadean Stems and Petioles." The formation of single 

 and of accessory bundle rings in the stem, the variable 

 arrangement of the bundles in the petiole and the struc- 

 ture of each bundle, were described and illustrated by a 

 series of micro-lantern preparations. 



Dr. S. C. Schmucker exhibited a gynandrous inflorescence 

 of corn and a large laminarioid specimen from California, 

 probably Lessonia. Dr. Macfarlane exhibited seedlings of 

 Cassytha filiformis and of Sansevieria cylindrica from the 

 University Garden. Dr. H. S. Conard showed contour-line 

 survey maps of the different States and referred to the 

 extreme value of these in connection with botanical survey. 

 He undertook to supply these to members of the Society. 



December 6. Dr. Miller, President, in the chair. Dr. 

 Harshberger described a case of symbiosis between a fungus 

 and an insect. He said that frequently one observed during 

 autumn in the neighborhood of Philadelphia a whitish scale- 

 like crust on alder and other bushes. These consisted of a 

 dense mass of scale insect known as Schizoncnra imbricator, 

 which develops a white, waxy coat. It also excretes honey 

 dew that trickles down on neighboring plants. The pres- 

 ence of this substance invites the growth of several fungi 

 which form a spongy mass that absorbs the sugar secretion 

 and the decaying products of the scale insects. The chief 

 fungus development is Scorias spongiosa. 



The chairman then read a paper which had been pre- 

 pared by Miss E. O. Abbot, and circulated by the Society, 

 in favor of the Appalachian National Forest Reserve. As 

 a result several local societies and clubs had responded 

 endorsing the movement. 



Dr. Henry Leffmann made a communication on "Botany 

 in the Laboratory." He said that chemistry and biology 

 should go hand in hand, and thus the chemist should be able 

 to recognize starch grains in connection with food adultera- 

 tion, plant tissues in cases of poisoning, the distinction of 



