232 Wisconsin State Horticultural Society. 



■weather. There was a very heavy stand of straw and would have 

 been a heavy yield but for the rust. What was sown early, rip- 

 ened before the rust had a chance to injure it much, but the later 

 sown ripened at the time the rust was the worst, and did not 

 yield half a crop. All varieties seemed to be affected about 

 alike, but besides the early sown, that which was sown on fall plow- 

 ing and on old land, also the pieces that were on elevated loca- 

 tions were injured less than the others. We found that sowing 

 salt on the land, about two bushels to the acre, tended to prevent 

 injury from rust. Some who tried it got from thirty to thirty- 

 five bushels to the acre, on the salted ground, while the yield on 

 that which was not salted did not average over seventeen. Bar- 

 ley was also much benefited by the application of salt. It nearly 

 doubled the yield, and made a great difference in the quality. 

 Oats were also much improved by it, apparently more than any 

 other variety of grain. 



There are many points in this subject on which we need more 

 light, many things that we do not fully understand. By study, 

 experiments and careful observation, these points may be cleared 

 up so that we will be able by active and preventive remedies to 

 control, in a measure, this disease. 



HORTICULTURE AS AN EDUCATING INFLUENCE. 



By President J. M. Smith, Green Bay. 



That man or woman who relies upon books alone for his or her 

 education will never become a truly educated person, I care not 

 how long or how faithfully they may study them, or how many 

 of them they may read and study. Such an one may, and doubt- 

 less will, have a great deal of book learning. The history of the 

 world, the philosophy of both ancient and modern days, the my- 

 thologies of all ages, from Zoroaster down to modern spiritu- 

 alism, the science of astronomy, from the days when the Phoeni- 

 cian shepherds watched the stars on the plains, while tending 

 their flocks, down to the discovery of the last asteroid they may have 

 at their command ; they may be familiar with the theories of states- 

 men, orators, poets and heroes; they may have all of these, and much 



