52 Forest Trees and Shntbs of Meriden, Conn. 



17. QUERCUS PRINUS. (Linn.) VAR. Q. MON- 

 TANA. (WiLLDENOU.) 



Rock Chestnut Oak. Swamp Chesnut Oak. Chestnut 

 White Oak. 



A medium to large tree, with reddish, coarse-grained wood, 

 much inferior to White Oak. Grows from fifty to ninety feet high, 

 two to four feet in diameter. Wood heavy, hard, strong, rather 

 tough, close-grained, inclined to check in drying. The bark is 

 rich in tannin. Spacific gravity, 0.7499; ash, 0.77. 



18. QUERCUS TINCORIA. (Bartram.) 



Black Oak. Yellow-Bark Oak. Quercitron Oak. Yel- 

 low Oak. 



A large tree, sixty to eighty feet or more in hight, and two to 

 four feet in diameter, with a thickish, deeply furrowed, dark-col- 

 ored epidermis, and a spongy, yellow inner bark. Wood heavy, 

 hard, strong, not tough, coarse-grained, liable to check in drying. 

 Layers of annual growth marked by several rows of very large open 

 ducts. The inner bark is an article of commerce, under the name 

 of Quercitron : and is exported in large quantities to Europe, 

 where it is used in dying yellow. The wood is extensively em- 

 ployed by coopers and carriage makers. The inner bark is used 

 medicinally as an astringent in hemorrhages, etc. Specific gravity, 

 0.7045 ; ashj 0.28. 



19. QUERCUS COCCINEA. (Wangenheim.) 



Scarlet Oak. 



There is some doubt whether this is really distinct from Q. tinc- 

 toria. The leaves turn bright red or scarlet in late autumn. Gray 

 bark, rough, but not deeply furrowed. Wood heavy, hard, 

 strong, coarse-grained, sometimes quite tough, but variable in tex- 

 ture and value. Spicific gravity, 0.7405 : ash, 0.19. 



20. QUERCUS PALUSTRIS. (DuRoi.) 



Pin Oak. Swamp Spanish Oak. W^ater Oak. 



A very handsome medium size tree, from forty tosixty or seventy 

 feet high, and one to two feet in diameter, with numerous, rather 

 slender horizontal or drooping branches, which are frequently 

 very knotty. Wood heavy, hard, very strong, coarse-grained, in- 



