Insects Affecting the Strawberry. 59 



nificance, if not entirely exterminated. Sprinkling or dusting the vines, in 

 August, with suitable poisons, during the life of the second brood, would 

 probably be equally effectual. 



Other Strawberry Leaf-rollers. 



Mr. Saunders mentions a second leaf-roller of the strawberry, under the 

 name of Exartema perviundana, Clemens, which was found attacking straw- 

 berry vines in Canada, in immense numbers, in one case destroying nearly 

 half the crop. I quote from the valuable paper already so frequently cited: 



"All these leaf-rollers have the habit of rolling up the leaves and fastening 

 them with silken threads, and living within the enclosure; but this little 

 •creature prefers taking the llowers, expanded and unexpanded, and, bringing 

 them together with silken threads into a sort of ball, it feasts on their sub- 

 stance. This peculiarity makes its attacks much more annoying and de- 

 structive than any mere consumption of leaves would be. It is small in size, 

 of a green color, and with very active habits, wriggling itself quickly out of 

 its hiding place when disturbed. It is the progeny of a small moth, with its 

 fore wings yellowish, varied Avith brown streaks and patches, and darker 

 hind wings, who lays her eggs quite early in the spring, placing them upon 

 the developing leaves, where the newly hatched larv;e may be sure to enjoy 

 an abundance of tender and juicy food, and these attain to nearly their full 

 growth and are just then capable of most mischief, at the time when the 

 plant is coming into full flower. 



" We have found this species attacking the wild strawberry in different 

 localities, and have little doubt but that it is widely disseminated; but why 

 it should so persistently attack the plants in one locality, and multiply so 

 amazingly there, while comparatively unkno'^n in other places, we are un- 

 able to more than guess. Possibly they may have been kept under in other 

 localities by parasites which feed on them. The larva^ of most moths are 

 liable to attack from one or more of such enemies, and we know that this 

 species is not exempt, for several of the larvse which we succeeded in bring- 

 ing into the chrysalis state, instead of producing moths, yielded specimens of 

 these small parasitic flies. 



" This species was described by Dr. Clemens in the Proceedings of the 

 Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, for August, 1860, where the au- 

 thor states that 'the larvaj bind together the terminal leaves of Spira\a.' 

 Hence it would aj^pear that this insect does not confine itself to the straw- 

 berry as a food plant, and may possibly be quite a general feeder. The 

 chrysalides of this species were of the usual dark brown color, from which 

 the moths made their escape from the eighth to the twelfth of July." 



Still another species of the same habit, Lozttivnia frafjantv, from the wild 

 strawberry, has been described by Prof. Packard in his "Guide to the Study 

 of Insects." The larva was found in Maine early in June, in folds of the 

 leaves; the moth appearing about the middle of the same month. The moth 

 is very pretty, and measures, when its wings are expanded, eight-tenths of 



