Insects Affecting the Strawberry. 77 



flattened. The upper lip (labium) is in Cotalpa longer, more rounded in 

 front and narrower at the base, and full convex on the surface, while in the 

 young May beetle it is flat. The antennae are larger and longer in the gold- 

 smith beetle, the second joint a little over half as long as the third, while in 

 the Maj^ beetle grub it is nearly three-quarters as long; the third joint is 

 much longer than in the latter grub, while the fourth and fifth are of the 

 same relative length as in the May beetle, but much thicker. The jaws 

 (mandibles) are much alike in both, but not quite so acute in the Cotalpa as 

 in the other, nor are the inner teeth so prominent. The maxilla is much 

 longer and with stouter spines, and the palpi are longer and slende er in the 

 grub of Cotalpa than in the other, though the joints have the same relative 

 proportion in each; the basal joint is nearly twice as long as in the May 

 beetle. The under lip (labium) is throughout much longer, and the palpi, 

 though two-jointed in each, are much longer and slenderer in the grub of 

 Cotalpa than in that of the May beetle. The feet are much larger and more 

 hairy in the Cotalpa. Both larvfp are about an inch and a half long, and a 

 third (.35) of an inch thick at the widest part." 



This grub has been reported extremely destructive to strawberry roots in 

 New Jersey by Dr. S. Lockwood, and doubtless occurs in strawberry fields in 

 other parts of the country wherever the beetle is known, probably having 

 been generally confounded with the larva of Lachnosterna. Certain fields, 

 according to Dr. Lockwood, in Monmouth county. New Jersey, were badly 

 thinned out by it, the plants being dead on the surface and easily pulled up, 

 the roots having been eaten off below. 



The remarks made respecting remedies for the previous species will apply 

 equally, as far as we know, to /his. 



The Strawberry Root- Worm. Paria aierrlma, Oliv., and Paria sexnotata, Say. 

 Order Coleoptera, Family Chrysomelidae. 



The strawberry root-worm, not less abundant than the crown-borer, and 

 certainly not less destructive where it occurs, is very similar to it in general 

 appearance, but may be easily distinguished with a hand-glass, or even with 

 the naked eye, by the fact that it has three pairs of short jointed legs just 

 behind the head, while the crown-borer proper is footless, the legs being re- 

 placed by three pairs of bristly warts. It devours the roots of the strawberry 

 and also penetrates the crown, not hollowing out the interior, but boring 

 from side to side in any direction, and often riddling it as if it had been 

 peppered with fine shot. 



This insect has been previously noticed several times in the literature of 

 horticulture, but its habits and life history have not been fully made out. Tt 

 ranges throughout Illinois, and occurs at least as far northward as ]V[ichigan, 

 having been reported in destructive numb rs at various points in this area. 



In the adult, or beetle stage, this species may be readily distinguished 

 from the crown-borer beetle, to which it bears a slight superficial resem- 



