80 Mississippi Valley Horticultural Society. 



separated from the ventral segments by a similar, but narrower and shallower 

 longitudinal groove. Each ventral segment bears a single transverse ridge, 

 somewhat thickly set with short stiff hairs, a little longer towards the ends 

 of the ridge. The terminal portion of each ridge is cut oft by an oblique 

 groove, which extends from before backwards and inwards, thus giving to 

 the end of the ridge the appearance of a tubercle of triangular outline, the 

 apex of which is inward, and the length of which is about twice its depth. 

 This row of triangular prominences is in a line with the coxse of the legs on 

 the thoracic segments. The skin of the entire body, with the exception of 

 the upper surface of the first segment, is minutely roughened, as is usual 

 with soft-bodied subterranean larva?. The tubercles and processes described 

 are not in any way retractile, being simply lobes or divisions of the trans- 

 verse folds of the skin. The head is smooth, somewhat flattened in front, 

 with a few slender scattered hairs, pale yellowish brown, with the exception 

 of the usual frontal incisures, which are white, and the anterior margin of 

 the clypeus, which is dark brown. A single ocellus occurs a short distance 

 behind the antennae. The labrum is narrowed forwards, and rounded in 

 front, the posterior part of it membranous, and the surface bearing a few 

 long hairs. The antennae are white, three-jointed, the third joint being 

 double, — consisting, that is to say, of two short parallel appendages, the outer 

 of which is cylindrical and blunt at the tip, and the second tapering. The 

 maxillfe are stout, and fringed with strong spines within, the palpi promi- 

 nent and four-jointed, the three basal joints thick and short, the fourth slen- 

 der. The labium is thick and quadrate, and bears on its under surface two 

 slender, cylindrical, unarticulated palpi, each about three t'mes as long as 

 wide. The mandibles are dark brown, and black at the tips, where they are 

 slightly excavated. 



The legs are about as long as their corresponding segments, and are white, 

 with the exception of the claws at the tips, which are dark brown. They 

 are provided with a few slender white hairs, becoming shorter and more 

 spinelike towards the tip of the leg. 



Described from several alcoholic and living specimens obtained from the 

 ground about strawberry roots, in November, 1882. 



This species is at least two-brooded, the beetles of one brood commencing to 

 appear early in spring, a few sometimes occurring upon the vines in the previ- 

 ous autumn. They feed during their lives as beetles upon the leaves of the 

 strawberry, a fact already mentioned when treating of the insects injurious 

 to the foliage. In June, according to the observations of Prof. Cook, of Mich- 

 igan, the beetles disappear, and at this time larvae of various sizes and pupae 

 nearly ready to emerge, may be found in the ground about the roots. The 

 beetles of the second brood occur in Southern Illinois in August, probably 

 commencing to emerge in July. They continue until September, but dis- 

 appear before cold weather. The larvae, which in the meantime have been 

 working upon the plant, now form oval cell-like cavities in the earth, in 

 which they hibernate, commencing to emerge again in April and May, as 

 already related. 



