Insects Affecting the Strawberry. 81 



The eggs have not yet been observed, and it is not certainly known whether 

 they are laid on the crowns or in the earth about the plants. 



The fact that the adult of this species feeds upon the leaves after the fruit- 

 ing season is over, gives us a ready means of controlling its ravages; as it can 

 at that time be easily poisoned by the use of Paris green or other arsenical 

 compounds. 



If a field infested by these worms is to be plowed up, it is probably best 

 that this should be done late in August or in September, after the beetles of 

 the second brood have disappeared, as at this time the larvse have not pro- 

 gressed far enough to make it likely that they can complete their develop- 

 ment. The next best time is probably June, in the interval between the 

 appearance of the first and second broods of the beetles. 



As two sets of eggs are probably laid each year, one in spring and the otlier 

 in midsummer, it is evidently important that young plants from fields infested 

 by this insect should be taken up for resetting as early in spring as possible; 

 the later transplanting is postponed, the greater is the probability that the 

 ■eggs of this pest will be transferred with the plants. 



GENERAL DISCUSSION. 



Having now treated separately all the species of insects injurious to the 

 strawberry which it seems worth while to notice in this paper, and having 

 given under each species the most practicable or promising remedies for its 

 ravages, it now remains to summarize the essential facts, especially those re- 

 lating to remedies and methods of prevention. In order to present what I 

 have to say on these topics as compactly as I can, let us imagine the worst 

 case possible. Let us suppose that we have to deal with a large field infested 

 by every known insect enemy of this crop, and then let us see what can be 

 done with it. Let the roots be eaten by the root-worm and the white grubs, 

 let the crowns be bored by both kinds of crown-borers and punctured by 

 the crown weevil (Otkn-hynchus suleatus), let the foliage be devoured by grass- 

 hoppers and leaf-beetles and carpenter bees and leaf-rollers of all sorts, and 

 by its various saw-fly and caterpillar enemies, and let the plant-louse and the 

 false chinch-bug and the negro-bug and a variety of other hemipterous in- 

 sects drain away the life-supporting sap of the plants, and then let us see 

 what will be the eflfect of such measures as we may be able to devise ; first, 

 to destroy the insects without injury to the plants; or, failing in this, second, 

 to destroy insect and plant together ; and, third, to establish a new planta- 

 tion, which shall be free from danger of infection by the old. 



The first thing needful will evidently be a calendar of the injurious spe- 

 cies, such as will enable us to tell in what condition every insect infesting 

 the field will be at each season of the year. With this we may see at once 

 what will result to each species from each measure proposed. 



I have consequently prepared a table of dates and stages of the insects 

 treated, by consulting which one may see at a glance the periods of the trans- 



