STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. ' 3I 



foods and those which are easily digested, and exchide the 

 indigestible food residues in the preparation of our foods. A 

 good illustration of this is the use of the ready-prepared, ready- 

 to-eat cereals. In the preparation of these cereals the outer 

 covering of the grain is removed, and when that is removed they 

 remove a great deal of the woody material in the cereal and a 

 considerable portion of the mineral matter. We do not use as 

 much of the whole grains and the whole cereals as we did; 

 we are using milled products. We are using more and more ol 

 the finer vegetables rather than the coarser vegetables. We are 

 rather fastidious in our diet and the kinds of food that we like 

 to serve on our tables, and so we are trying to get the things 

 that have a finer taste, a little finer flavor, that are a little more 

 expensive, and as we are increasing the use of these types of 

 vegetables and cereals, we are also increasing the uses of meats 

 in the diet. We do not have any great amount of indigestible 

 material in the meats. 



What we need in our food, in our diet, is a certain amount of 

 ballast. The men talk about roughage in food for stock ; they 

 discuss the balanced ration for stock, that they must have so 

 much of this food and so much of that, and then they must have 

 so much roughage. We, in our discussion of what we might 

 term balanced meals for human beings, discuss how much of 

 the tissue building materials we need in our food and how much 

 of the energy producers. In supplying those tissue builders and 

 energy producers we must also supply a sufficient amount of 

 ballast in order that the body may carry on its processes in a 

 normal and healthful way. This is one of the strong arguments 

 in favor of the use of fresh vegetables and fresh fruits. We 

 find the structure of the vegetable food and the fruits very 

 much alike, in that the cells are made up of a more or less woody 

 material which we term cellulose. It is this cellulose which will 

 supply the ballast in our diet, and in order that the intestines 

 may carry on their peristaltic movements, we need this ballast 

 which we are going to get from fruits and from vegetables. 

 You have all heard the old saying that "an apple a day keeps 

 the doctor away," and this in part explains that saying. The 

 amount of water that is present in the apple as we have said, 

 is large, over 85 per cent, and this also aids in the peristaltic 

 movement in the intestine ; and with the cellulose and with the 



