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74 AGRICULTURE OF MAINE. 



Codling Moth — 



Check untreated 24.3% wormy apples 



sprayed 74% 



dusted 3 % 



Costs — Two men and a team in one day can do what three 

 men and a team need from four to ten days to accomplish. 



Cost of materials per tree when sprayed, 4.3 cents. 



Cost of materials per tree when dusted, 7 to 10 cents. 



These figures are based on experimental work and an appli- 

 cation of about two gallons of spray or two pounds of dust per 

 tree, and a dust running about eighty to eighty-five per cent 

 sulphur and twenty to fifteen per cent lead. 



My experience with dust, used commercially, has been that 

 first, you may often dilute the dust with lime or gypsum, and, 

 second, need not make so heavy an application. A block ot 

 418 Baldwin trees twenty years old and well grown took only 

 two hundred and fifty pounds of dust, made fifty per cent sul- 

 phur, ten per cent lead, and forty per cent gypsum or six-tenths 

 of a pound per tree at a cost for material, of three and six- 

 tenths cents per tree. I had a boy to drive the team ; we drove 

 slowly and made a very thorough application, from both sides, 

 and it took us just three and one-fourth hours, or a cost of 

 seven-tenths cent per tree or a total of four and three-tenths 

 cents per tree. Last year, I made one application ; this year, 

 two ; and the apples, as a whole, ran better than any other 

 block, either sprayed or dusted, that I know of. 



The dusting must be done thoroughly from both sides, and 

 there are many little points to be learned from experience only, 

 but I believe it is a step forward in disease control, and worthy 

 of a trial. 



On the marketing of fruit I want to be very brief although 

 I consider it the most important problem before our Eastern- 

 fruit growers, today. We must put out a reliable brand of a 

 staple article, in sufficient quantity to bear the expense of 

 proper advertising and selling. We must govern the distribu- 

 tion and use of the inferior grades, by shipping in bulk cars or 

 to factories, in order to protect our customers from inferior 

 goods, ^nd our good stock from low prices. This can only be 

 accomplished by mandatory state grading laws and by coopera- 

 tive packing and selling. 



