SECRETARY'S REPORT. 33 



chan, William's Favorite, except for light soils, Benoni and High 

 Top Sweeting. For autumn — Duchess of Oldenburg, Porter, Grav- 

 enstein, Winthrop Greening or Lincoln Pippin, lEubbardston Non- 

 such, and Fameuse or Snow apple. For winter — Blue Pearmain, 

 Yellow Bellflower, Rhode Island Greening, Ribstou Pippin, Tol- 

 man's Sweeting, Baldwin grafted into large trees, and Northern 

 Spy. Some two or more of the minority have concurred in recom- 

 mending Early Harvest, Sweet Bough and Sweet Quincing for 

 summer. Fall Jenneting, Sweet or Golden Russet, Killam Hill and 

 Maiden's Blush, for autumn, and Jewett's Red, Mother, Danvers 

 Winter Sweet, (in strong rich loams,) Esopus Spitzenburg, Rox- 

 bury Russet, and Red Everlasting, for winter and spring. One 

 each also recommends Summer Rose, Fall Pippin, Hawley, North- 

 ern Sweet, Shop, Minister, Wine Apple, Nonsuch, Vandevere and 

 Ladies' Sweet. 



Of these varieties, it is apparent that the first eighteen are the 

 most popular, and they are recommended for general cultivation 

 in our locality ; while the others promise well and deserve a furth- 

 er trial to secure the favorable consideration of orchardists. 



The Duchess of Oldenburg is one of the most hardy of all trees, 

 and doubtless would flourish in the most Northern part of Maine, 

 if engrafted on native stocks. It is a constant bearer — the fruit, 

 though surpassed in flavor by other varieties, is of good quality 

 and suitable for cooking at an early age. The Blue Pearmain is 

 also very hardy, but ralher a slow grower. The Baldwin is tender 

 when grafted into small trees, but succeeds well when inserted in 

 full grown native stocks. The first trees of this kind introduced 

 from Massachusetts, some thirty years ago, required some time to 

 become acclimated. When they first bore, the fruit was entirely 

 green, not possessing a particle of the red color peculiar to this ap- 

 ple, but in a few years it acquired it. This is not the case with 

 grafts inserted on native stocks, but they produce from the first, 

 well colored fruit, not quite equal in flavor and size to those of its 

 native state, but will keep until a later period in the spring. 



The tree of the Rhode Island Greening is apt to decay early at 

 the heart in some localities, from some cause or disease not ascer- 

 tained, and this peculiarity in the estimation of some has dimin- 

 ished its value. The Esopus Spitzenburg succeeds well in warm 

 virgin soils containing a sufficient supply of potash and lime, par- 

 ticularly when engrafted in the top of a well-grown native tree, but 

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