MANURES. 75 



II. Drainings from Another Dung-Heap. 



These drainings were not so dark colored as the preceding ones. 

 Like the former liquid, it was neutral, but gave off ammonia on 

 boiling, and on addition of quick lime. 



Hydrochloric acid produced a dark brown colored, flaky deposit, 

 leaving the liquid only a pale yellow. 



The amount of the precipitated humus acid was much smaller 

 than in the preceding liquid. 



For want of a sufficient quantity of liquid, only the amount of 

 solid matter contained in it, could be determined. 



An imperial gallon on evaporation furnished 353.36 grains of 

 solid matter, dried at 212° Fahrenheit. 



III. Drainings from a TmRD Dung-Heap. 



A dung-heap, composed chiefly of mixed fresh horse, cows' or 

 pigs' dung, furnished the material for the third analysis of drain- 

 ings. This liquid was much darker than the two preceding liquids 

 possessed an offensive smell, althq,ugh it contained no sulphuretted 

 hydrogen. It was neutral to test paper, consequently did not 

 contain any free or carbonate of ammonia. On heating, ammonia 

 escaped ; apparently, however, in much smaller quantities than 

 from the preceding drainings. This liquid was collected at a time 

 when no rain had fallen for several weeks, which circumstance 

 accounts for its greater concentration. It was submitted to the 

 same course of analysis as the first drainings. 7,000 grains evap- 

 orated to dryness produced 135.174 grains of dry matter ; and this 

 quantity, on burning in a platinum dish, furnished 62.68 grains of 

 mineral matters. A separate portion was used for the determina- 

 tion of the amount of ammonia present in the form of salts ; and 

 another portion of liquid, acidulated with a little hydrochloric acid, 

 evaporated to dryness, was employed for the determination of the 

 whole amount of nitrogen. By deducting the amount of nitrogen 

 found in the ammoniacal salts, from the total amount of nitrogen 

 obtained by combustion of the solid matter with soda lime, the 

 proportion of nitrogen contained in the organic substances of these 

 drainings was ascertained. The following table represents the 

 composition of solid substances found in one imperial gallon of 

 draining from fresh manures : 



