STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 41 



will skip over it, it won't take off all the paring and it has to be 

 trimmed by hand. And then another thing, it is impossible to 

 center this one-sided fruit on the fork of the parers so that when 

 the core knife passes in it will take out mostly good apple and 

 leave the greater part of the core. This causes considerable 

 waste and considerable more time spent in trimming the apple. 



Mr. Gilbert : Reference is being made by the speakers to 

 natural fruit. Of course we are not posted as to how much of 

 that natural fruit is available here in Franklin county, but in the 

 principal sections outside of Franklin county the fruit is substan- 

 tially all of the choice grafted varieties, and the question comes 

 in connection with that, how this fruit that is not suitable to go 

 into the barrel for market is to be disposed of. I have today a 

 hundred bushels more or less — a good deal more than that — of 

 good cooking apples, coming out from such representatives as 

 we have upon the tables here, that up to the present time have 

 not been worth picking up and they lay under the trees on the 

 ground, — good sized fruit, bruised fruit, that which fell from 

 the trees too early and is not suitable to put into market. Xow 

 what shall I do with that fruit, and how much can I get out of 

 that fruit, and can I turn that fruit into a certain measure of 

 money? It is an important question. It is a fact that in the 

 great manufacturing industries all the money today substantially 

 is represented as being secured from the saving and use of waste 

 products, that formerly went to waste, and in all of these .great 

 industries the profits are represented by the savings. Now then, 

 are we not wasting a good deal of material that ought to be 

 worth something to us in some other form, to say nothing about 

 the seedling apples, natural fruit, anything of that kind, in con- 

 nection with our fruit industry ? 



Mr. Titcomb : If I understand correctly, that you have many 

 apples laying on the ground in your orchard, I think you are 

 making a great mistake there. You are just leaving a breeding 

 place for the worms. 



Prof. Munson : I want to emphasize the point that Mr. 

 Titcomb made a few moments ago. It was passed off as a kind of 

 a joke that the wormy fruit which is left on the ground is a source 

 of danger to future crops. We have heard a great deal in this 

 State in the past few years about the trypeta and the codling 

 moth and the canker worm and other insect pests. We have not 



