STATK POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 47 



The double wrapper is more efficient in retarding ripening 

 than a single wrapper. A good combination consists of a porous 

 newspaper next to the fruit with an impervious wax or paraffine 

 wrapper on the outside. 



From the commercial standpoint it would not be profitable to 

 WTap the common grades of fruit, but for the finest grades, and 

 for the tender varieties like ^Mcintosh, Wealthy, Northern Spy, 

 Belleflower, Jonathan, and Grimes, it is probable that no opera- 

 tion connected with the packing of the fruit would bring greater 

 returns. 



BEHAVIOR OF THE FRUIT WHEX REMOVED FROM STORAGE. 



There is a general impression that cold storage apples deteri- 

 orate quickly after removal from the warehouse. As a matter 

 of fact, however, storage apples do not deteriorate more quickly 

 than other apples that are equally ripe and are held in the same 

 outside temperature. The rapidity with which the fruit deteri- 

 orates on removal from storage depends, first, upon the degree 

 of maturity when removed, and second, on the temperature into 

 which it is taken. Late in the spring the fruit is far advanced 

 in its life and the weather is becoming warmer and therefore the 

 apples break down more quickly at that time than early in win- 

 ter. In commercial practice a large proportion of the fruit is 

 held in storage late in the season for an advance in price, and 

 the owner removes it not because the price has advanced but a 

 longer storage would result in serious deterioration from 

 advanced rots and over-ripeness. \Mien a considerable amount 

 of stock is decayed on removal from the warehouse, the evidence 

 is conclusive the apples should have been sold earlier in the 

 season. 



The following table shows the amount of decay on Baldwin 

 apples removed from the same barrel to different temperatures. 



