SCIENTIFIC SURVEY. 265 



2. Date of hatching, the appearance, food-plant of larva, and 

 number of days between each moulting ; the changes the larva 

 undergoes, which are often remarkable, especially before the last 

 moulting, with drawings illustrative of these ; the habits of the 

 larva, whether solitary or gregarious, whether a day or night 

 feeder : the Ichneumon parasites, and their mode of attack. Spe- 

 cimens of larv» in the different moultings should be preserved in 

 alcohol. The appearance of the larvse when full-fed, the date, 

 number of days before pupating, the formation and description of 

 the cocoon, the duration of larvas in cocoon before pupation, their 

 appearance just before changing, their appearance while changino-, 

 and alcoholic specimens of larvas in the act, and drawings illustra- 

 tive — all these should be studied and noted. 



3. Date of pupation ; description of the pupa or chrysalis ; du- 

 ration of the pupa state, habits, &c.; together with alcoholic speci- 

 mens, or pinned dry ones. Pupte should be looked for late in the 

 summer or in the fall and spring, about the roots of trees, and kept 

 moist in mould until the imago appears. 



4. Date of the insect's escaping. from the pupa, and method of 

 escape ; duration of life of the imago ; and the number of broods in 

 a season. Labels for alcohol may be written in pencil on paper, or 

 in ink on parchment. 



Papilionida3. The Swallow tails are at once known as being our 

 largest butterfles, and by their having the hind wings produced into 

 a tail-like appendage. The yellow Papilio Turnus flies in June 

 and July, through woods and about lilacs. Its larva feeds on the 

 apple, and wild thorn. It is green, with two eye-like spots on the 

 thorax. P. asterias, the Parsnip Papilio, flies in August about wild 

 parsnip, which grows by river sides ; and is found upon the culti- 

 vated species. It is dark blue. The larva is yellow, striped and 

 spotted with blacli. When sailing free on their wings it is almost 

 impossible to capture them. The larvae when irritated, push out a 

 V-shaped yellow organ from the head. 



Pieridce. (White or Sulphur Butterflies.) Pieris oleracea, is 

 white with rounded secondaries or hind wings. It feeds on cab- 

 bages and turnips. Its larvae are hirsute, green, tapering towards 

 each end of the body, and feed on grass. Those of Colias Philodice 

 are green and smooth. This is our common " Sulphur Yellow," 

 abounding in roads. 



Nymphalidce. Argynnis is known by the under side of the wings 



