SECRETARY'S REPORT. I35 



30 days in June, she gave 1,524 1-2 lbs., averaging 50 and 5-6 lbs. daily. 



31 days in July, she gave 1,606 lbs., averaging 51 and 5-6 lbs. daily. 

 31 days in Aug., she gave 1,441 lbs., averaging 46 and 1-2 lbs. daily. 

 22 days in Sept., she gave 1,041 lbs., averaging 47 and 1-3 lbs. daily. 

 Her total product from June 1 to this date, a period of 114 days, is 5,612 



1-2 pounds, averaging 49 lbs. and 3 ounces per day. She gave the second ten 

 days in June, 521 1-2 lbs. of milk, averaging over 52 lbs. per day. She gave 

 the second ten days in September, 462 lbs of milk, averaging over 46 lbs. per 

 day. Her milk was set for three days in July, and 6 lbs. 3 ounces of butter 

 vpas made from it. The cow weighs this day, being in better order than at 

 any time during the summer, 976 pounds. She has had a good pasture through 

 the summer, and since June 12 has received an average of three pints of corn 

 and cob meal and three pints of shorts daily, and for the past week corn stalke 

 once a day. Her greatest yield of milk in any one day since June 1, was 58 

 pounds ; the smallest was 43 pounds." 



The difference in value between good cows and poor ones was 

 forcibly stated by Mr. Arnold, a dairy farmer of Herkimer county, 

 before the Farmers' Club at Little Falls, New York, as follows : 

 " The difference in the products of cows in different dairies, and 

 often of those in the same dairy, is notoriously very great, even 

 where the feed is abundant and alike good. If examined carefully 

 it will be found to be the chief cause of difference in the profits oi 

 dairying. To illustrate, let us suppose a case. It often happens 

 that one cow will produce three times as much cheese as another ; 

 the cows being of equal weight and fed with the same kind of food, 

 one may produce two hundred pounds and the other six hundred 

 pounds. Instances of this difference are not uncommon. It is 

 evident that the one giving the greater quantity will require a 

 greater amount of food. But the food and the milk will not be ia 

 the same ratio. To make this plain, suppose it costs $15 to sup- 

 ply each cow with food sufficient to support her body and maintain 

 animal heat for a year, and for each hundred pounds of cheese it 

 costs $2.50 worth of food in addition. The first cow will require 

 five dollars worth of feed extra to produce two hundred pounds of 

 cheese ; and the second fifteen dollars worth to produce six hun- 

 dred pounds. Let us compare these items : 



Cost of keeping 1st cow, $20 ; product, 200 lbs.; cost per lb., 10c. 

 Cost of keeping 2d cow, $30 ; product, 600 lbs.; cost per lb., 5c. 



But the food which will support three cows like the first, will 

 only support two like the second, and consequently where thirty 

 like the first could be kept, only twenty like the latter one could 

 be maintained. Let us now set these two dairies and their products 

 side by side, and see how they compare, remembering that the cost 

 of maintaining each is the same : 



