SCIENTIFIC SURVEY. 289 



The dip everywhere is south-easterly, underlying the clay slate 

 formation. This mica schist is undoubtedly the same formation 

 with the rock upon the upper St. John river, which we called tal- 

 cose last year. It is also the same as the auriferous schists in the 

 Chaudiere region in Canada. In Sandy Bay, the last township in 

 Maine, only a small portion of the formation comes into view. 



In the west part of the township the schists dip 55° S. 30° E. 

 At the Boundary line upon the top of the mountain the dip is 1Q° 

 south-easterly. Some of the layers are very thin, like slates, and 

 are arenaceous. We went into Canada a mile and found the same 

 rock all along the road. On the American side of the ridge we 

 saw a. few small inverted anticlinals, which may possibly indicate 

 that this ridge is an inverted anticlinal; it is certainly not an im- 

 probable supposition. It was a little cloudy when we were at the 

 summit, and Jiis may be the reason why we did not notice the 

 fine view described by Jackson. A deserted house is built upon 

 the line between the two countries. The line runs along the height 

 of land between Maine and Canada for many miles, or from the 

 New Hampshire corner to the head of the south-west branch of the 

 river St. John. The line is indicated by strong iron posts inserted 

 at intervals by the Joint Commissioners of the United States and 

 Great Britain under the Treaty of 1842. Inscriptions bearing the 

 names of the Commissioners are found upon every one of the posts. 

 As this line follows the height of land, it is consequently very 

 crooked, and it is marked by a line of second growth trees, since 

 the surveying party cut down a wide road for their purposes, when 

 erecting the iron posts in their proper places. 



We found several quartz veins in the schists on the Maine side 

 of the boundary, and cannot doubt that gold might be discovered in 

 this region. In the great valley of Sandy Bay we noticed quite a 

 number of these veins, and think them auriferous. Near Hilton's 

 house the road crosses a branch of the West Branch of the Penob- 

 scot river, and the appearances are very favorable here for success- 

 ful gold washings in the soil. There is very much of the "black 

 sand" here in which the gold always occurs. And the fact that 

 this valle}^ is in the Chaudiere gold region confirms this view. 

 Still, the Chaudiere region is not like one of the great gold fields 

 of the world, although it affords a fair yield in some portions of its 

 area. We know not why the gold should be any more abundant 

 in Canada than in the Maine part of the deposit. Our limited time 



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