BOAR© OF AGRICULTURE. 



and in some even or rounded. Between the caudal fin and the 

 vent is placed the Anal fins. These vary in number and shape 

 according to the species. Between the vent and the throat are 

 placed the Ventral fins. When these are found, they are always 

 parallel to each other and never exceed two in number. A short 

 distance behind the gill openings are the Pectoral fins, so called, 

 one on each side. 

 Linneus and some other writers on Ichthyology, considered the 

 ventral fins analagous to the feet of quadrupeds. He used their 

 varying positions as the basis of his classification of this branch 

 of natural history, a brief abstract of which may be acceptable 

 to some of our readers. Those fishes which had no ventrals he 

 called Apodal or no feet. Those which had ventral fins placed 

 nearer to the anterior extremity than the pectoral fins, or in other 

 words those that had the ventral fins forward of the pectorals he 

 called Jugulars ; if beneath the pectorals they were called Tho- 

 racic ; and if behind the pectoral Abdominals. 



Fuliginous — Dark, dusky or sooty. 

 Fusiform — Spindle shaped. 



G. 



Ganoid — Pertaining to the order of fishes called ganoids or ganoi- 

 dei ; from ganois, bright, and eidos, form. 



Ganoidei — The seventh order of fishes in some arrangements, the 

 fishes having enamelled and plate like or shield like scales. 



Ganoidian — The second order of fishes in Agassiz classification, 

 having angular scales covered with bright enamel, as in the 

 sturgeons. 



Gills — (From the Swedish word gel.) In Ichthyology, by gills are 

 meant the organs of respiration in fishes, consisting of a carti- 

 laginous or bony arch, attached to the bones of the head, and 

 furnished on the exterior convex side with a multitude of fleshy 

 leaves or fringed vascular fibrils resembling short plumes, and 

 of a red color in a healthy state. The water is admitted through 

 the mouth and poured out through the gill openings over these 

 fibrils, and acts upon the blood as it circulates in them. The 

 whole gill apparatus consist of four parts, viz : gill lid, gill flap, 

 gill opening and the gills themselves, or gills proper, {see gill 

 proper) as may be seen in the head of the common trout. 



