250 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



large bed of limestone is six and one-half miles. Its northern limit 

 is near Chickawakie pond. 



The section in Fig. 39 shows us a limestone anticlinal west of 

 this principal range at Ingraham's quarry. A similar mass is 

 exhibited on the hill west of Chickawakie pond, Holmes' quarry, 

 in Fig. 40. The two masses must have been elevated by the same 

 agency, and are in the same line of strike, three miles apart. Ingra- 

 ham's quarry is on the east slope of Marsh's mountain, and west of 

 Mill river. The strata are almost perpendicular, but show an anti- 

 clinal structure. Between two openings in the quarry there is an 

 interesting bending of the strata, too small to be represented upon 

 the Figure. On this hummock the strata dip south-easterly about 

 twenty-five degrees ; while beneath them a few feet the layers are 

 nearl}'- perpendicular, "We suppose this is not an example of mere 

 bending, but of slipping for a short distance also. At first we 

 were inclined to believe that the bending was the result of the drift 

 force ; but the dip forbids this supposition. The drift agency 

 would have bent it in the opposite direction, had it operated upon 

 the ledge. Of course this hummock is rendered of inferior quality 

 for the kiln. An interesting black mineral occurs in a portion of 

 this limestone very abundantly, giving it a different character. 

 And a few rods east of the quarry may be seen a narrow band of 

 dolomite, just as there is east of the Beechwoods quarry. This 

 limestone, as well as that at Holmes' quarry, differs in no respect 

 from the common Eolian limestone of this region. 



At Holmes' quarry in Camden, the amount of limestone is 

 smaller. It is situated on the side of the hill directly west of 

 Chickawakie pond. No one would suspect its existence from the 

 adjacent rocks — and we only stumbled upon it accidentally. It 

 could hardly have shown itself at the surface before it was quarried; 

 but now that it has been opened, it is found to increase in width in 

 descending. The limestone is perpendicular. A few strata of 

 schist are folded around the calcareous mass, and dip sixty degrees 

 away from it on both sides. But on the west side the dip very 

 soon changes to correspond with the easterly dip on the other side. 

 No other mass of limestone appears upon either side of Holmes' 

 quarry on the line of strike. 



We suppose the curious position of these two quarries of lime- 

 stone must be explained in this manner. The schists naturally 

 overlie the limestone, and had no plicating forces ever operated 



