SCIENTIFIC SURVEY. 3jj 



asplenifolia, (Sweet Fern,) Rubus triflorus, Vacciuium Cauadense, 

 and dwarfed pines with straggling Junipers, (Juniperus communis) 

 cover the ground. Such is the appearance of a grazing field in 

 which the cattle have not kept the shrubs down. Where grass is 

 allowed to grow unmolested on such plains, we shall find it made 

 up of depauperate specimens of Festuca ovina, Poa amura, Poa 

 pratensis, Danthonia spicata, and occasional tufts of Phleum pra- 

 tense. Nearer the water's edge, we have generally found, in addi- 

 tion to these enumerated, Juncus bufonius, Alopecurus geniculatus 

 and Juncus eflfusus. In short, there is little to distinguish such a 

 plain from an exhausted meadow in western Maine or Massachu- 

 setts. 



The southern shore of Grrand lake was next examined. The 

 water in the lake is deep and very clear, enabling one to see the 

 bottom at a great depth. The sand and mud of the bottom is made 

 up, in great part, of disintegrated granite, and consequently pre- 

 sents the characteristic clayey stickiness of such earth. In the 

 mud along the shore there is an abundance of the common Bay- 

 onet-rush and Juncus acuminatus. The shores are, in many 

 places, very slightly shelving, so that these rushes extend, in 

 their growth, a considerable distance into the lake. The vegeta- 

 tion of the territory along the southern border of the lake may be 

 said to consist of average pines which had been well culled by the 

 lumbermen, and a considerable sprinkling of maples and beeches. 

 This is especially true of Farm point, so called, where the "hard- 

 wood" growth is quite noticeable. 



Farm cove, on the southern side of Grand lake, is quite an ex- 

 tensive bay opening to the north-west, and filled with many islands. 

 One of these islands at the mouth of the cove may be taken as a 

 specimen of all the smaller islands in the western Schoodic lakes. 

 It was banked up with boulders of coarse granite but little at- 

 trited, on all sides, and covered by a growth of scraggly pines, 

 maples, beeches and birches. The larger islands are more like the 

 main land, and support a good growth of sapling pine, thickly 

 interspersed with hardwood. 



The last point around which we passed in Grand lake, was one 

 of considerable interest from a fragment of a lumberman's history 

 connected with it. Upon the extreme point, and in full view of 

 those approaching from the north, is a weather-beaten cofiin of 

 which little more than the form is preserved. It was brought up 



