SCIENTIFIC SURVEY. g^-^ 



In Maine, in an essentially unaltered form, it extends to the Saco 

 river ; and in the province it extends quite to the Bay of Chaleur, a 

 total distance of three hundred and seventy miles; its width varying 

 from nine to forty miles. It would not be strange if the name 

 Cambrian which was applied to both these belts of mica schist in 

 New Brunswick many years ago, and is now generally discarded, 

 should ultimately prove to be their correct appellation. In this 

 connection it is certainly an interesting fact that a long ridge of 

 granite should lie between these two long belts of mica schist. 



Fifth. Last year, when descending the river St. John, we noticed 

 a narrow outlier of red conglomerate upon its banks, several miles 

 above Woodstock. We noticed a similar deposit this year near 

 the Furnace of the Woodstock Charcoal Iron Company, which is 

 probably the same deposit, as those outliers are only ten miles 

 distant. In Fig. 47 Fm 47. 



. , Schists. Eod Conglomerate. Elate. 



we give a sketch 

 of the relations of 

 this conglomerate 

 to the underlying 



argillo — micaceous Section in Woodstock. 



schists. At the east end of the section runs the river St. John. 

 Upon its bank is the Furnace, represented by a small house on a 

 pile of rubbish. Passing over a level tract we presently come to a 

 few small hillocks, which are composed of red conglomerate, dip- 

 ping from 45° to 50° a little north of west. Further west we see 

 a hill where a section has been exposed by digging ijito its side, 

 and we distinctly see the conglomerate resting upon highly in- 

 clined strata of clay slate alternating with thin beds of limestone. 

 It is still more slaty as we go west. The strike of the two rocks 

 varies certainly thirty degrees. Here then we have an example of 

 one formation overlying another unconformably, and both dip 

 essentially in the same direction. The positions of these rocks is 

 not merely theoretical, it is an actuality, ascertained with pick and 

 shovel. We introduce the figure to illustrate the geology of other 

 parts of New England, where similar sections have been by some 

 supposed to exist and by others denied. Another interesting fact 

 of a general nature illustrated by this section is, the dififercnce of 

 the dip of the strata in eastern Maine and New Brunswick and 

 western New England. Here the dip is very common to the west 

 and north-west ; there the dip is almost universally to the east and 



