620 Fungi, Myxomyceten, Pathologie. 



diameter consist of uniform hyphae and show no superficial annular 

 furrow nor any internal differentiation. Microtome sections of car- 

 pophores from imm ^q 4mm in diameter showed the critical stages in 

 the development of the stipe, pileus, hymenium and other structures. 

 An internal annular area consisting of hyphae richer in protoplasm, 

 but not otherwise differentiated , is the first indication of a differen- 

 tiation into pileus and stipe. The upper portion of this area becomes 

 the hymenium. The origin of the primordium of the hymenium and 

 the differentiation in pileus and stipe are simultaneous. the origin 

 of the hymenium is endogenous, and not superficial, as has been 

 believed. Prof. Atkinson, however, does not claim that such an 

 endogenous origin will necessarily be found in other forms. The 

 development of the veil and the various structures of the pileus are 

 described and the literature is discussed. 



The field form of Agaricus campestris has four spores on each 

 basidium while the cultivated varieties have only two. One of Prof. 

 Atkinson's students has shown that in the two-spored form, the 

 young basidium has four nuclei, two of which degenerate. The 

 two-spored forms are constant, it would indicate that A. campestris 

 either is or recently has been passing through a mutating period. 

 There is no sexual reproduction, the chances of a mutant becoming 

 constant may be greater than in plants which produce sexually. 



Charles J. Chamberlain (Chicago). 



Bainier G., Mycotheque de l'Eole de Pharmacie. IX. Sur dix 

 especes nouvelles de Penicülium et sur le gerne Graphiopsis. 

 (Bull. Soc. mycol. France, t. XXIII. p. 9—22. PI. II -V. 1907.) 



Aux caracteres des conidies et de la composition du pinceau 

 qui les porte, Bainier juge necessaire d'ajouter des caracteres tires 

 du Systeme vegetatif afin de rendre plus facile l'identification des 

 especes du genre Penicülium. 



Le Penicillium. vesiculosum se reconnait d'emblee aux renfle- 

 ments vesiculeux epars sur le trajet des hyphes ou disposes cote ä 

 cöte en chapelets. Les filaments aeriens et les tubes fructiferes 

 jusqu'ä leurs ultimes ramifications renferment des files serrees de 

 vacuoles non moins caracteristiques. En outre, le mycelium, qu'il 

 soit aerien ou immerge, forme des anastomoses, dejä signalees chez 

 le Penicillium patulum. 



Le mode de germination des conidies merite aussi de fixer 

 l'attention. Tandis que, chez \e Penicillium elongatum , chaque conidie 

 emet un ou deux filaments extremement fins sans augmenter sensi- 

 blement de volume, chez le P. asperulum eile se gonfle et emet des 

 filaments tres gros des le debut. Les conidies se dilatent aussi chez 

 les P.virescens, aspergillifor^ne , Urticae ; eile se transforment d'abord 

 en petites masses difformes ä contour plus ou moins irregulier chez 

 \e P. patulum ; elles continuent ä s'accroitre apres la germination chez 

 le P. puhenilum. Ce phenomene d'accrescence est encore plus mar- 

 que chez le P. erectum, ou la conidie forme ä la fin une masse 

 spherique ou ovale, remplie de granules protoplasmiques, pouvant 

 atteindre douze fois le diametre initial. 



Les dix especes decrites et figurees par Bainier sont: Penicil- 

 lium, vesiculosum , virescens, erectu^n, aspevgilliforme , Urticae, pube- 

 rulum asperulum, elongatimt, albicans, patulum ; les deux dernieres 

 ont deux conidies ovales. 



Le nouveau genre Graphiopsis, represente par une espece 



