Bottom-Life. 



1G9 



Under the name Eschara propinqua, Smitt has entered two 

 forms which undoubtedly are separate species. In the explanation 

 of the illustrations it is mentioned that figs. 131 — 134 represent 

 zooecia of specimens found in Finmark on Flustrq. These belong 

 to the species which Hincks later described as Porella proboscidea. 

 In the latter species, the zooecium is unperforated. while it has a 

 characteristic perforation (PI. IV. tit;'. 20 b) in propinqua. 



In propinqua the peristome is very elevated on the sides of 

 the oral aperture, and the operculum has a characteristic shape 

 c_'(i b). Another peculiarity of propinqua is the occurrence of small 

 perforations on the backside of the zoarium (fig. 19). 



The lateral wall of the zooecium has two multipored rosette- 

 plates. 



Porella proboscidea, Hincks. 

 pi. IV, figs. 8—11. 



Eschara propinqua, Smitt (part), Ofvers. Kgl. Vet. Akad. Forh. 



1867 (Bihang), p. 22, pi. 26, tigs. 130—134. 

 Porella proboscidea, Hincks, The Polyzoa of the St. Lawrence. 

 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, vol. 1, p. 223, pi. 14, 

 fig. 4. 

 Porella proboscidea, Noedgaard, Syst. forteg. marine polyzoa. Berg. 



Mus. Aarb. 1894— 95, p. 25, pi. 1. fig. 4. 

 Porella skenei, var. proboscidea, Waters. F. .7. B., p. 79, pi. 11, 

 figs. 17, 18. 

 Hammerfest (1894); The North Cape (1894); Nordkyn (1894); 

 Mehavn (1894). 



The avicularian rostrum is much larger in this species than in 

 the foregoing one. (Cfr. tigs. 8 and 18). 



The Zooecium is poreless, and so is the basal wall of the 

 zooecium. 



The opercula are also different with regard to shape. Probos- 

 cidea is so different from sJcenei that the former can scarcely be 

 considered to be a variety of the latter. 



Palmicellaria skenei var. Widens, Busk. 

 PI. IV, fig. 12. 



Moskenstrommen, 90 m. ; Malangen, 100 — 200 m.; The Pors- 

 anger Fiord, 200 m. 



With regard to this variety. I beg to refer to my paper: — 

 Die Bryozoen des westliehen Norwetrens. Meeresfauna von Bergen, 

 p. 89. 



The operculum is, however, not very carefully illustrated there 

 (pi. 1. fig. 14), for which reason I give another illustration here 

 (tig. 12). 



Palmicellaria skenei var. bicomis, Busk. 



PI. IV, fig. 13. 



Lepralia bicomis, Busk, A Mon. of the foss. Pol. of the Crag, 

 p. 47, pi. 8, tigs. 6, 7. 

 The Jokel Fiord III, 100 m. 

 I have also taken this variety in the Trondhjem Fiord. 



Escharopsis (Escharoides) sarsi, Smitt. 



Tromso Sound, 70 m. 



From Spaeke Schneider, I got a colony which was 17.5 cm. 

 in length and 8 cm. in width. 



The cavity of the colony served as a hidingplace for Ophio- 

 pholis aculeata, < 'ribrella etc. The colony itself was covered with 

 Thuiaria thuia and other hydroids. 



Escharopsis rosacea, Busk. 



PI. Ill, fiy. 17. 



Moskenstrommen. 90 in.; Digermulen, 100 — 150 m.; Malangen, 

 100—200 in.; Kvsenangen II, 90 m.; Breisund, 100 m. 



Pseudoflustra solida, Stimpson. 1 ) 

 Kvasnangen II, 90 m. ; The Porsanger Fiord. 70 in. 



Monoporella spinulifera, Hincks. 2 ) 



PI. IV. figs. 14, 15. 



Porina ciliata, forma dura, Smitt, Ofvers. af Kgl. Vet. Akad. Fiirh. 



1807 (Bihang) pp. 6, til. pi. 24. fig. 17. 

 Discopora cruenta, Smitt. Ofvers. af Kgl. Vet. Akad. Fiirh. 1871, 

 p. 1127, pi. 21, figs. 20—23. 



In my list of the Norwegian Bryozoa (Bergens Mus. Aarb. 

 1894 — 95). I have entered this species as Mueronella cruenta, 

 Norman, as I, with Smitt took Norman's Lepralia cruenta to be 

 the same as Discopora cruenta, Smitt. I had, however, noticed 

 at that time that there was a resemblance between Discopora om- 

 enta-, Smitt and Mueronella spinulifera, Hincks. The identity of 

 these two forms has later been confirmed by Hincks and Noemax. 

 It must, however, be observed that Smitt both mentions and illu- 

 strates a single row of marginal pores on the zooecia, while 

 Hincks 3 ) does not. even hint at their presence. In other respects 

 the resemblance is striking, and the only possible explanation is 

 that Hincks has overlooked the marginal pores. On PI. IV, fig. 

 15 the arrangement of the marginal pore-chambers will be seen. 4 ) 



The species is known from St. Lawrence, Greenland, Spitzbergen 

 and King Charles' Land. 5 ) I found it to be quite common on stones 

 at Hammerfest in 1S94. 



Escharella immersa, Fleming = Mueronella (Lepralia) peachi, 



Johnston/') 



pi. IV. fig. 27. 



Moskenstrommen II, 15(1 m.; Malangen, 100—200 in. (var. 

 octodentata). 



Escharella ventricosa, Bassall. 



PI. IV, fig. 28. 

 Moskenstrommen II, 150 m.; Svolvicr (1894), on coal; The 

 Ostnes Fiord, 50 — 70 m.. on stone and shells, Hammerfest (1894) 

 on stones. 



Escharella laqueata, Norman. 



PI. IV, fig-. 29. 

 Moskenstrommen II, 150 m.; The Ostnes Fiord 50 — 70 in., on 

 stone; Malangen, 100 — 200 m., on stone, Hammerfest (1894). 



Escharella abyssicola, Norman. 



PI. IV, fig. 30. 



The Tys Fiord I, 500 m., on Lophohelia prolifera; Kvsenangen 

 II, 90 m., on shells. 



') Refer to Norman (1. c. p. 12-1) for synonyms. 

 '-') Cf. Nobmah (1. c. p. 115). 



3 ) Tin- Polyzoa of St. Lawrence. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. t>, vol. 3. 

 p. 431. pi. 21, fig. 3 



4 ) Cfr. Levinsen. Stmlifs mi Bryozoa, Vid. Med. Nat. Hi>t. Poren. in Copen- 

 hagen, 1902, (Sep.), p 10. 



5 ) Cfr. PniENKAP. „T>ie Bryozoen". Fauna Ami. a. B. I, Lief. 3, p. 521. 

 ,; ) Cfr. Norman (1. o. p. 118). 



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