Floristik, Geographie, Systematik etc. 155 



of "Descriptive Notes" (32 pages), and the book "Types of British 

 Vegetation" enabled the members to follow the general distribution 

 of Vegetation. Each stage of the route was made under the guidance 

 of botanists to whom the area was well-known, and the necessary 

 arrangements were all made previously, so that there was no delay; 

 rain was only encountered on three days. 



III. Druce, G. C, The Floristic Results. (Vol. X. p. 306— 

 328). In a short introduction the advantages of the excursion are 

 indicated, and the several discoveries by the continental botanists 

 recorded. The main part consists of a list af rarer or more interesting 

 species observed, with localities and notes; Symbols indicate whether 

 the species is new to Britain, an addition to Watson's "Topo- 

 graphical Botany", an alien, etc. About 260 species are enumerated. 

 The additions to the British Flora are dealt with in greater detail, 

 most of them are varieties, and the notes as to characters and 

 synonym3 T are useful. 



IV. Cowles, H., J. Massart and C. A. M. Lindman. Im- 

 pressions of the Foreign Members. (Vol. XI. p. 23—25.) 

 These are mainly eulogistic, with a reference to the value of such 

 excursions as a means of comprehending view-points and under- 

 standing phytogeographical local terms. The foreign members were 

 surprised at the area of wild countr} T in densely populated Britain, 

 and convinced that much valuable work has been and can still be 

 done. Professor Massart specifies features which Struck him during 

 the Excursion: the abundance and beauty of the oaks and other 

 trees, the mildness of the climate which allowed certain exotic plants 

 to grow in the open at Cambridge, in the Scottish High- 

 lands, in Ireland and Cornwall; the presence of alpine and 

 subalpine species at low altitudes; the extent of uncultivated land; 

 the existance of buried forests in the peat; the great extension of 

 Rhacomitrium as a plant of the summit-vegetation of the mountains; 

 the submerged aquatic plants at Cambridge; the invasions of 

 water by aquatic plants and the development of land-types of Vege- 

 tation in the Norfolk Broads; the merging of "meridional" with 

 "septentrional" maritime species at Blaken ey; the similarity of 

 the dunes at South port with those of Belgium; the varied alpine 

 flora of Ben Lawers; the presence of woods of Taxus on Hmestone 

 and chalk; the abundance of calcifuge plants on limestone; the 

 Organisation of the Excursion. 



V. Rubel, E. A., The Ki Harn ey Woods. A short sketch 

 of the author's impression of these woods in Ireland, where under 

 the extreme oceanic climate alpine plants descend to the seashore, 

 and in Killarn ey mingle with southern plants which in a warmer 

 or less oceanic country form different plant formations in different 

 altitudinal belts between 200 and 1400 metres. Quercus sessilißora 

 the dominant tree marks a wood of north- western Europa; Hex 

 aquifolium and Arbutus Unedo in their abundance recall the ever- 

 green "Laurel woods" of the Canaries and the western Mediter- 

 ranean; the luxuriant heath}^ undergrowth recalls the "Monte verde" 

 of the Canaries, or the mountain heaths of Corsica. In a con- 

 tinental area these lines of Vegetation lie apart, but in the oceanic 

 they become merged. Utilising the meteorological data available, it 

 is shown that Killarney has an annual ränge of only 8.5° C, 

 without frost, and with 2000 m.m. p. ann. rainfall. The climate of 

 the laurel woods and heaths of Teneriffe is almost similar in the 



