Floristik, Geographie, Systematik etc. 141 



Publ. 217, Carnegie Inst. Washington. 112 pp. 18 fig. 36 pl. with 

 1 map. 1915.) 



This is a study of the physiological plant ecology of the Vege- 

 tation of the Santa Catalina mountains near Tucson, Ari- 

 zona with an altitudinal ränge of 6000 feet. The gently sloping 

 bojadas, or plains at the foot of the ränge are covered with low, 

 open growths in which the creosote trust {Covillea tridentatä) is 

 dominant. The author distinguishes three kinds of Vegetation in 

 ascending the mountains. They are the desert, the encinal and the 

 forest. The desert Vegetation ascends to 4,000 to 4,500 feet. The 

 encinal, or evergreen oak Vegetation, extends to 6300 feet on the 

 south slopes and 5800 feet on the north slopes. Here two evergreen 

 oaks Qiierciis ohlongifoUa and Q. ariso}iica are associated with Ju- 

 nipenis, Arctostaphylos, Dasylirion, Nolina, Yucca, Agave and a 

 Piniis cembroides. The forest Vegetation consists of Pseudotsuga 

 mucronata, Ahies concolor and Pinus strobiformis. The Vegetation 

 of the Santa Catalina desert and encinal is related to that of 

 the deserts of Mexico, while the forest Vegetation partakes of 

 Mexican and Rocky Mountain types. Shreve discusses in a tho- 

 rough manner the climatic features by means of graphs, the data 

 for such being obtained by rain gauges and cylindric porous cup 

 atmometers. The author employs the ratio of evaporation to soil 

 moisturecontent as a new means of attacking important ecologic 

 Problems. Harshberger. 



Swingle, W. T., Pleiospermium, a new genus related to Ci- 

 trus, from India, Ceylon and Java. (Journ. Washington Ac. 

 Sei. VI. p. 426—431. July 19, 1916.) 



Lhnonia § Pleiospermium is raised to generic rank , with the 

 following species: Pleiospermutn alatum {Limonia alata Wr. & Arn.), 

 and P. dubium {L. dubia Blume). Trelease. 



Swingle, W. T., The early European history and the 

 botanical name of theTreeofHeaven, Ailanthus altissima. 

 (Journ. Wash. Ac. Sei. IIL p. 490-498. Aug. 19, 1916.) 



The species is identified with the Toxicodendron altissimum of 

 Miller. Trelease. 



Taylor, N., Endemism in the Flora of the Vicinity of 

 New York. (Torreya. XVI. p. 18— 27. Jan. 1916.) 



The author believes that endemism, as found in the flora of 

 the vicinity of New York does not appear to be a criterion of 

 antiquity, for many endemics are very recent. Neither are the 

 endemics prevailingly woody, for the occurrence of only four 

 Woody forms out of a total endemic dement of 22 species dispro- 

 ves this contention. Relict endemism accounts for five of the local 

 species, which are shown to be outpost survivals of a preexisting 

 flora. Several lists and tables help to elucidate the main points of 

 the paper. Harshberger. 



Turesson , G. , Lysichiton camtschatcense (L,) Schott, and its 

 Behavior in Sphagnum Bogs. (Amer. Journ. Bot. III. p. 

 189—209. With 5 figs. and bibliography. Apr., 1916.) 



The paper describes the growth of the western skunk cabbage 



