242 Morphologie etc. — Varietäten etc. 



dick. Es handelt sich also ganz allgemein um weibliche Blüten, die 

 im übrigen aber in bestimmten sekundären Geschlechtsmerkmalen 

 männlichen Blüten ähneln. Diese sekundären männlichen Merk- 

 male sind die reichblütigen, heraushängenden Rispen und die lan- 

 gen, gegen den Fruchtknoten nicht gegliederten Blütenstiele. Statt 

 4 finden sich vielfach 5 — 6 Blumenblätter Zum Teil scheint es sich 

 um einen beginnenden Vergrünungsvorgang zu handeln. Schliess- 

 lich finden sich noch einige Bemerkungen über die Einführung der 

 Aucuha japonica in Europa. Boas (Weihenstephan). 



Valleau, W. D., Inheritance of sex in the grape. (Amer. 

 Natur. L. p. 554-564. 1916.) 



Thereare two types of wild vines, male and female ones, butunder 

 cultivation a third type, the functional hermaphrodite, is common. 

 In 1915 Hedrick and Anthony published valuable data on sex 

 inheritance in the grape, but they gave no satisfactory Interpreta- 

 tion of the results, and, as no further attempt was made to Interpret 

 the results, the writer publishes in the present paper a probable 

 explanation of sex inheritance in the grape, or at least a working 

 hypothesis for the Interpretation of further results which may be 

 obtained. 



It is clear from the data thatboth the staminate and functionally 

 pistillate vines carry the determiners for femaleness and maleness, 

 respectively, partially suppressed, and therefore there are two pos- 

 sibilities with regard to the origin of functional hermaphrodites, 

 1) Maleness may express itself fully in one of the chromosomes 

 bearing the determiner for femaleness in a pistillate plant and 2) 

 femaleness may express itself fully in the chromosome bearing the 

 male determiner in the staminate plant. The writer thinks it can 

 be Said definitely that functional hermaphrodites have been develo- 

 ped in both of these ways. The production of hermaphrodites from 

 the cross female X female can hardly be explained on any other 

 basis than entire lack of suppression of maleness in certain gametes 

 bearing the female determiner, while the appearance of well-deve- 

 loped pistils in a few flowers of certain male vines must be the 

 result of lack of suppression of femaleness in at least a portion of 

 the somatic cells of these males. 



As there is an apparent segregation in the somatic tissue of 

 these vines, whole Clusters and occasionally all Clusters on a cane 

 being staminate while others bear many intermediate and perfect 

 flowers, it seems logical to the writer to assume that the perfect 

 flowers can transmit the hermaphroditic condition to some of their 

 seedlings through both the male and the female gametes, resulting 

 in either homozygous or heterozygous hermaphrodites, all of whose 

 flowers are perfect. M J. Sirks (Bunnik). 



White, O. E., Inheritance studies in Pisum. I. Inheritance 

 of cotyledon color. (Amer. Natur. L. p. 530—547. 1916.) 

 The present paper has to do with data on variations in Pisum 

 belonging to the results from changes in environment, from loss 

 or gain of new factors through crossing and from mutations; it 

 discusses the problem and the Classification of different colourvarie- 

 ties, that can be arranged in a continuous series representing every 

 shade from very dark green to light yellowish green and from 



