142 



FUMARIaCEAF.. 



\'ui.. 



capsule, or i -seeded and iiulchiscent. Seeds with a minute embryo in fleshy 

 endosperm. 



Five genera and about 170 species, natives of the north temperate zone and southern Africa. 

 Each of the 2 outer petals spurred at the base. 



Corolla deeply cordate at base; petals slightly coherent. i. Biciiculla. 



Corolla rounded or slightly cordate; petals permanently coherent, persistent. 2. Adhimia. 

 One of the outer petals spurred ct base. 



Capsule 2-valved. few-several-seeded. 3, 



Fruit globose, indehiscent, i-seeded. 4, 



Capnoidcs, 

 Fumaria, 



I. BICUCULLA Adans. Fam. PI 2: App. 23. 1763. 

 [DiCLYTRA Borck. Roeni. Arch. 1 : Part 2, 46. 1797. Dicentra iJcnih. Linnaea 8: 468. 1833.] 

 Herbs, with dissected leaves, basal in our species, and racemose flowers. Pedicels 

 2-bracted. Corolla cordate at base; petals 4, in 2 pairs, connivent. slightly coherent, the 

 exterior pair oblong, concave, spurred at the base, spreading at the apex, the inner narrow, 

 clawed, coherent above, crested or winged on the back. Placentae 2; style slender. Capsule 

 oblong or linear, dehiscent to the base by 2 valves. Seeds crested. [Latin, double-hooded.] 

 A genus of about 16 species, natives of North America and Asia. Type species: Fumaria Cucul- 

 laria L. The original spelling is Bikukulla. 

 Raceme simple ; flowers white or whitish. 



Spurs divergent ; inner petals minutely crested. ' i. B. Cucullaria. 



Spurs short, rounded ; inner petals conspicuously crested. z, B. canadensis. 



Racemes paniculate; flowers pink. 3. B.eximia. 



I. Bicuculla Cucullaria (L.) 

 Alonks-hood. 



Millsp. Dutchman's Breeches. Soldier's Cap. 

 Breeches-flower. Fig. 1985. 



Fumaria Cucullaria L. Sp. PI. 699. 1753. 

 Diclyira Cucullaria DC. Syst. Veg. 2: 108. 1821. 

 Dielytra Cucullaria T. & G. FI. N. A. i : 66. 1838. 

 Dicentra Cucullaria Torr. FI. N. Y. i : 45. 1843. 

 Bicuculla Cucullaria Millsp. Bull. West Va. Agric. Exp. 

 Sta. 2 : 327. 1892. 



Delicate, glabrous, arising from a granulate 

 bulbous base. Leaves all basal, pale beneath, slender- 

 petioled, tcrnately compound, the divisions stalked 

 and finely dissected into linear or oblanceolate seg- 

 ments ; scape slender, s'-io' high ; raceme secund, 

 4-10-flowered ; flowers nodding, pedicelled, 6"-8" 

 long, 8"-io" broad at the base, white, or faintly pink, 

 yellow at the summit; spurs widely divergent; inner 

 petals minutely crested. 



In woods. Nova Scotia to Minnesota, North Carolina, 

 Missouri and Kansas. Ascends to 4500 ft. in Virginia. 

 Colic-weed. Bachelor's- or little-boy's-breeches. Kit- 

 ten-breeches. Boys-and-girls. Indian bnys-and-girls. 

 White-hearts. Butterfly-banners. April-May. 



2. Bicuculla canadensis (Goldie) INIillsp. Squirrel 

 or Turkey Corn. Fig. 1986. 



Corydalis canadensis Goldie, Edinb. Phil. Journ. 6: 329. 1822. 

 Dielytra canadensis DC. Prodr. i: 126. 1824. 

 Dicentra canadensis Walp. Rep. i: 118. 1842. 

 B. canadensis Millsp. Bull. West Va. Agric. Exp. Sta. 2 : 327. 

 1892. 



Glabrous, the roolstock bearing numerous small tubers. 

 Leaves all basal and nearly similar to those of the pre- 

 ceding species, decidedly glaucous beneath; scape slender, 

 6'-i2' high; raceme 4-8-flowered ; flowers nodding, short- 

 pedicelled, 7"-9" long. 5" broad at the base, greenish-white, 

 purplish tinged, slightly fragrant; spurs short, rounded; 

 inner petals prominently crested. 



In rich woods. Nova Scotia to Ontario, Minnesota. Virginia, 

 Tennessee, Missouri and Nebraska. Turkey-pea. Colic-weed. 

 Wild hyacinth. April-June. 



