170 



CRUCIFF.RAE. 



Vol. ir. 



Petals oblong, clawed. Stamens 6 Style very short, conic. Siliques linear, narrowly 

 cylindric, terete or nearly so, slightly constricted between the seeds when dry, the valves with 

 a strong midnerve, dehiscent from the base. Seeds oblong, striate, in i row in each cell; 

 cotyledons Hat, incumbent. [From Allium, garlic, on account of its similar odor.] 

 About 5 species, natives of Europe and Asia, the following typical. 



ntton. 



-g.iiii^. Garlic Mustard or Root. 



Hedge-garlic. 

 Fig. 2050. 



Erysimum AUiaria L. Sp. PI. 660. 1753. 

 Sisymbrium AUiaria Scop. FI. Cam. Ed. 2, 2 : 26. 



1772. 

 A, AUiaria Britton, Mem. Torr. Club 5: 167. 1894. 



Erect, branching, i-3 high, glabrous or with 

 a few hairs on the petioles and leaf-margins. 

 Leaves reniform, broadly ovate or cordate, rarely 

 nearly orbicular, crenate or undulate, the lower 

 2'-y' broad on long petioles, the upper smaller, 

 sessile or nearly so ; pedicels 2"-t," long, spread- 

 ing and very stout in fruit ; flowers white, 3"-4" 

 broad; pods glabrous, stiff, l'-2' long, l" thick, 

 pointed, 4-sided when dry. 



Waste places, woods and along roadsides, Quebec 

 and Ontario to southern New York, New Jersey and 

 Virginia. Naturalized from Europe. Native also of 

 northern Asia. May-June. Called also Jack-by-the- 

 hedge and sauce-alone. Jack-in-the-bush. Poor- 

 man's mustard. Penny-hedge. 



24. SOPHIA Adans.Fam.n. 2:417. 1763. 



[Descur.mnia Webb & Barth. Phyt. Can. i: 71. 

 1836.] 



Annual or perennial herbs (some exotic species shrubby), canescent or pubescent with 

 short forked hairs, with slender branching stems, 2-pinnatifid or finely dissected leaves, and 

 small yellow flowers in terminal racemes, the racemes much elongating in fruit. Calyx early 

 deciduous. Style very short ; stigma simple. Siliques linear or linear-oblong, slender- 

 pedicelled, the valves l-nerved. Seeds very small, oblong, wingless, in i or 2 rows in each 

 cell; cotyledons incumbent. [Name in allusion to reputed medicinal properties.] 



About 20 species, natives of the north temperate zone, the Canary Islands and the Andes of 

 South America. Besides the following, several others occur in the western United States. Type 

 species : Sisymbrium Sophia L. 



Pods narrowly linear, 8"-i2" long, ^<" wide, curved upward; pedicels ascending 

 Pods linear-oblong, 4"-7" long, nearly or quite 1" wide, straight or nearly so 

 or ascending, mostly longer than the pods. 

 Pedicels diverging nearly at right angles. 2. S. pinnata. 

 Pedicels ascending. 3. S. incisa. 



Pods linear. 4"-5" long, about I/j" wide ; pedicels erect-appress- 

 ed or narrowly ascending, equalling or shorter than the pods. 



4. S. Hartzccgiaita. 



I. Sophia Sophia (L.) Britton. Flixweed. Herb- 

 Sophia. Fig. 2051. 



Sisymbrium Sophia L. Sp. PI. 659. 1753. 



Descurainia Sophia Webb ; Prantl in Engler & Prantl. Nat. Pflf. 

 3-: 192. 1892. 



I. .S". Sophia. 

 pedicels divergent 



Sophia Sophia Britton, in Britt. & Brown, 111. Fl. 



144. 1897. 



Minutely hoary-canescent, stem usually much branched. 

 l-2j tall, quite bushy. Leaves 2-3-pinnatifid into nar- 

 rowly linear or linear-oblong segments ; flowers very 

 numerous, about 3" long; pedicels ascending, very slender. 

 6'^-8"^long, glabrous or nearly so; pods narrowly linear, 

 8"-i2"_long, i" thick, ascending, curved upwards; seeds in 

 I row in each cell of the pod. 



In waste places, New Brunswick to Ontario, Washington, 



Oregon. New York, Illinois. Nebraska and Utah. Naturalized 



from Europe. Native also of Asia. June-Aug. Fine-leaved 

 hedge-mustard. Flaxweed. 



